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CELESTIAL MOTIONS Stars appear to move counterclockwise on the surface of a huge sphere – the Starry Vault, in their daily motions about Earth Polaris remains stationary. In Charlottesville we see Polaris 380 above the Northern horizon. Earth Starry Vault Daily Motion of Stars seen from Charlottesville IMPORTANT TERMS Vernal Equinox Summer Solstice Ecliptic Autumnal Equinox Winter Solstice Celestial Equator Sun LATTITUDE 0 38 NORTH 380 Charlottesville Sunlight Equator Earth MOON Siderial Period: Time for the Moon to orbit Earth and realign with a star. Equal to 27.32 days. Synodic Period: Time for the Moon to orbit Earth and realign with the Sun. Equal to 29.53 days. Zodiac: A band extending 80 on either side of the ecliptic. The Sun, Moon, and planets move through the zodiac. MOON’S PATH THROUGH THE ZODIAC Ecliptic Moon Sun PHASES OF THE MOON Crescent Half Gibbous Full ECLIPSES Lunar eclipse Moon Earth Solar Eclipse Moon Earth LUNAR ECLIPSE SOLAR ECLIPSE MOTIONS OF THE PLANETS The five planets visible by naked eye are: Mercury Venus Mars Jupiter Saturn VENUS RETROGRADE MOTION VENUS AND MERCURY RETROGRADE MOTION
