Download Ql- -Encircle one correct response in each of the followinl: multiple

University of Baghdad
AI-Kindy Collage of Medicine Depart. Of Microbiology
Final Examination in Medical Biology
Cytology and Histology
Ql- -Encircle one correct response in each of the followinl: multiple
choice Questions (27 mark)
l-The maintenance of the body's constant internal environment is termed
A. synthesis.
B. hydrolysis.
C. replication.
D, homeost.sls.
2-. Which of th. followln. triAl, II mllm,tdl,d
A. Ribosome
prokaryotes
eukaryot.s
B. Centrosome
centrioles
centromer
C. RER
protein secretion
flattened cisternia
D. Tubulin protein-------microtubules ------ fiber
3. In order for a nerve impulse to pass from one neuron to the next, which of the
following ions must be present at the pre-synaptic ending?
A. Calcium (Ca2+). B. Chloride (CI- ) .
C. Phosphate (P04)
D. Sodium Na .
4-The skeletal muscle cells are
A-Divided continuously throughout the life
B. Arrested in GI stage
C. Arrested in G2 stage
D. All the above are wrong.
5- Which of the following is not characteristic of aging process
A. Deleterious
B. Progressive
C. Accumulate gradually
D, Uniform
among different Individual
6- When a cell becomes differentiated
A. Genes no longer needed are lost
B. Genes responsible for the differentiated state are duplicated
C. Certain genes become inactivated.
euchromatic state
D. All the chromatin becomes
,
7- Myeloid stem cell progenitor cell differentiated to the following cells except
A. Erythrocyte
B. Granulocyte C. Lymphocyte D. Both A & B
a-All of the following belongs to End membranous System except
A. Nuclear envelope
B. Endoplasmic reticulum C. Vesicles
D. Mitochondria
9-Which of the following paired set is mismatched
A.
S= Replication of DNA
B . G2= Preparation for division
C.
M- R.ductlon of chromosom. nymb.r
D. 01- MOlt v.rl.bl. It•••
10- On. of th. followln. I. form.d
A. Lamlnlne
I
B. Flbronectln
hl.h w.v for the mlce.tlgn gf lh. cell
C. cholesterol
D. Both A&B are correct
11- Proteins playa direct role in Which transport
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
C. All of the above is
correct
12- Blood cell diagramed bellow in
A- Hypertonic condition B- Hypotonic C. Isotonic
D. Pinocytosis
13- Oldosterone Is
A. Steroid
hormone
B. Regulate the Na+ content of blood
C. Regulate the sex
D . All of the above is correct
14-0steopetrosis is a disease caused by
A. Defect in osteoclast function
B. Increased in osteoclastic activity
C. Excessive Production of parathyroid hormone
D. Both B & Care
correct
1S-AII the following bones are formed by itramembranous Ossification Except
J
A. The frontal bones of the skull
temporal bones
B. Mandible & Maxilla
C. Occipital and
D. Permanente bones or lamellar bones
16- The cellular layer which have the potential to divide by mitosis and
differential in bone is
A. The inner layer of periosteum
B. Osteoprogenitor cells
C. The
endosteum
B. All of the above is correct
17· Whl,h of tho follow!n. cells h,v, IlCun,o
A. O.t.ocyt••
I. Chondrocyt••
C. O.t.obl••t
D. loth A' I
correct
18- The Augmentation of skeletal muscle cell volume, is called
Hyperplasia
B. Hypertrophy
C. Metaplasia
D. None of above
19- The membrane of muscle cells, is called
A. Sarcolemma
B. Plasma lemma
C. Sarcoplasmic membrane
D. Both A & B are correct
20- The thin filament of muscle fiber is composed of one of the following
A. Trpmpomysin
B. Troponin
C. Actin monomers
D. All of the above is correct
21-Ca
2+
Calmodulin complexes are found in
A. Smooth muscle
B. Skeletal muscle
C. Cardiac muscle
D. Both A & B are correct
22-The following tissue is richly vascularized except
A. Adipose tissue
B. Hyaline cartilage
C. Connective tissue
D. Bone tissue
If.
f
/
23-Which of the following characteristic feature is un correct for unilocular
adipose tissue
A. White to dark yellow collar
B. It is found throughout the human body
C. Their fat droplets of cells lack of carotenoids
D. Their cells are spherical
shape
24-Myoepithelial cells characterized by the following Except
A. They are branched
B. They are located between the basal lamina and the
basal surface of glands
C. Contain intermediate filaments
0, They iurround endoer!ne II.ndi
25· All tb. follOWI". ClII•• r••11.1 ClII. bClPt
A. Schwann cell
B. Pseudounlpolar neuron
C. Astrocytes
D. Epedymal
cells
26-0ne of the following cells produce myelin sheath around axon in peripheral
nervous system
A. Oligodendrocytes
B. Astrocytes
C. Schwann cells
correct
27-Which of the following heals the quickest after injury:
A. bone
B. epithelium
C cartilage
D. muscle
D. Non of above is
II Fills in blanks: ( 20 mark)
l·Esophagous and Stomach are derived from-- .-.----------- layer.( endoderm)
2-ATP is a nucleotide in which adenosine is composed of ----(adenine
and ribose)
3-The -------·-·-----have few or no stem cells. ( nervous system)
4- protein complex maturation promoting factor (MPF) that induces the
beginning -----------.-.& .--------------. (mitosis & condensation of the
chromosomes, the rupture of the nuclear envelope
5 -Proteins in membrane are the channel protein or-·----or·--·--­
.nzymatlc or active or sllnal ···.tc
e· Carbon. can form Itral.ht or---·-· or······
(br.nch.d or rln. )
7- Auto dllestlon Is • function of -••-.-.--.-.. ( lysosome)
8-The forerunners of all adult tissues and organs Is --.--.--------( germ layer)
9- Groups cells are specially modified for removing waste products from
the body such as ---.---------.--.--------, ------------------------.--.-. , and------------­
.----.----.--------.( .. Kidney, Epithelium ,Skin, lunge & liver .)
10- Synapsis and recombination of chromosomes occur during --.-------------­
-.._- .(meiosis prophase 1 )
11- -. The nuclear envelope functions ,·--·-_·--·-------,and·--·--·-·--·----~
(synthesizing polypeptide chains and segregating them in the perinuclear
cistern between its two membrane)
12- Neuroblas differential in to --------------------- while Glioblasts differential
to ---------•.--.------.--.. (neuron , Glial cell )
13- -.--.-.--.--.----- is a synapse of an axon with cell body. (axosomatic)
14- Joints are classified according to the degree of movement to-··-·----·----­
··and -.-------.------------ . (diarthroses and synrthroses )
15- ----.--------------- hormone has an inhibitory effect on osteoclast activity
.(Calcltonln )
16-The first three layers of Epiphyseal cartilage are -------·--,----·-----·---and­
------------- ( resting zone, proliferative zone and hypertrophic cartilage zone
-
17----------------------·Is served as a depot of energy during muscle
contraction found in sarcoplasm .(Glycogen )
18- Neuroepithelial cells are cells of epithelial origin with special function
found in •.••---•.-.-•. &--.-.--.
. (test
bud ,olfactory mucosa)
19-The nucleus plulposus of intervertebral disk is situated in the center
of-------------·------ - (annulus fibrosus)
,
20-Cilia are inserted into ---------------------- which have a microtubule
pattern--------------------- ( basal body
pattern 9+ 0 )
21-Malignant tumors derived from glandular epithelial tissue are usually
ca IIed------------------------(adenoca rcinomas )
22-Tendons are the most common example of------------tissue while the
architectural framework of the myeloid is-------------------­
( dense connective tissue • retlcullr 'Iber )
23- The cluses
0'
brown color In multl/ocullr Idlpose tissue Ire .---•••••••••••
(large number of blood capillaries and mitochondria)
24- The growth of cartilage is attributable to two processes -----------and----­
----------------------------- ( interstitial growth and appositional growth)
25-An example of a unicellular gland is-----------------which secrets -------------­
( goblet cell, mucous)
,
QIII- A-Fill the following table :( 20 mark)
CELLS, TISSUE OR
FIBER
LOCATION
FUNCTION
ORIGIN OF
THE CELLS
1-Transitional
Urinary bladder,
Epithelial tissue
ureters
Protection, distensibility
.,-"-----­
Z·Seroul Celli
-- -'.
endoderm
Plncre.. ,plrotld
~
Produce enlyme
,lind
----­
3-Mast Cells
Bone marrow
Connective tissue
- -­
-­
Defense(allerglc
reaction}
4-Reticular Fibers
Smooth muscle,
A flexible network in
endoneurium
organs which subjected
to changes in form
5-Perichondrium
Surrounds cartilage
Supply blood for
cartilage
6-Endosteum
7-0steocyt
Mesenchymal
Lines the internal
provide the Nutrition of
cavities of bone
osseous
Between lamellae
Synthesize the organic
components of matrix
cell
8-Ependymal cells
Neural tube
Central nervous
Lining cavities of C.N.V.
system
9-0ligodendrocyte
Neural tube
C.N.S.
Myelin production,
electric insulation
10-Chondrocytes
Mesenchymal
Cartilage
Synthesize and secrete
the of extracellular
cell
matrix
ANSWER OF FIRST SET OF QQQ IN GENETICS 2011-2012
Q4:
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
C
B
A
S. B
6. C
7. C
8. B
9. C
10, C
Q~:
1.
2.
3.
4.
C
G
A
F
S. H
6. I
7. E
8. B
9. D
Q6:
A. Is the replacement of a missing gene product by inserting a normal gene into
human cells for the treatment of a disorder. Note: Gene replacement therapy
is not effective in correcting gain-of-function or dominant mutations. Gene
replacement therapy is now used to treat various recessive disordered and
human illnesses such as SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency). Fumiliul
hypercholesterolemia, Cystic fibrosis, Hemophilia B, and Cancer.
Gene therapy includes both ex vivo (outside the body) and in vivo (inside the
body) methods. There are many techniques for introducing genes into cells,
including:
1. Viral vectors: These includes: Adenovirus vector (double stranded DNA
virus), aI1d Retroviral vector (RNA virus), because viruses have evolved
cleaver methods for inserting their genes into cells.
2. Non viral Vectors: includes Liposome, a fat body that can accept large DNA
inserts, it fuse with cells allowing the DNA insert to enter the cell.
"7/
/
3. The direct introduction of "naked" DNA: a human DNA segments cloned into a
plasmid. The DNA enters the cell escape from degradation, and temporarily encodes
proteins.
4. Synthetic human artificial chromosomes, because they contain functional
centromers and telomeres, they should be able to integrate and replicate in human
nuclei, but they lack the transfer efficiency of viral vectors.
B. The meiotic error must have occurred in the father, since his X chromosome
carries the gene for the hemophelia A. Because the daughter has normal factor
VIn activity, she must have inherited her single X chromosome from her
mother.
C. Since a loss genetic material usually produces more sever consequences than
dOCl' II "uin of muterilli. one would cxpcct the pntient with deletion
(46.XY.del(Hp»
to be more
duplication.
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~:c
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!~'~~rL\ )
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ullccted thun the putlent with the