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COMPARE & CONTRAST THE EARTH’S
LITHOSPHERE with AESTHENOSPHERE
1. EXPLAIN HOW CONVECTION WORKS
2. Where does TEMPERATURE in the EARTH
come from?
3. What does DENSITY have to do with
EARTH’s inner LAYERS and what are they
MADE of?
Draw
Earth’s
layers
(crust,
mantle,
cores)
LIST & DESCRIBE
FIVE (5) PIECES of EVIDENCE
that SUPPORT the theory of
CONTINENTAL DRIFT.
1.
2.
Draw the
3.
most
4.
recent
5.
one here
EXPLAIN WEGENER’s EVIDENCE for
HIS theory of CONTINENTAL DRIFT!
Explain his theory!!!
DRAW
WEGENER
IN 1912…
WEGENER made a lot of
INFERENCES about
what was happening to
our Earth surface.
WEGENER made a lot of
INFERENCES about
what was happening to
our Earth surface.
WEGENER made a lot of
INFERENCES about
what was happening to
our Earth surface.
ALL THAT… PRESSURE
KEEPS EARTH CRACKED
WITH PIECES called
PLATES.
We all remember WEGENER!
Wegener’s EVIDENCE for his Theory of
Continental Drift:
Puzzling evidense…
Wegener evidence of CONTINENTAL DRIFT!
1. Fossils of the same species were
discovered on TWO different CONTINENTS.
Wegener evidence of CONTINENTAL DRIFT!
1. Fossils of the SAME SPECIES were
discovered on TWO different CONTINENTS.
1. . Fossils of the same species were
discovered on TWO different continents.
1. Similar fossils of the same species were
discovered on 2 DIFFERENT continents..
Paleontologists (dinoscientists) have connecting fossil
records to show how the continents were once
connected as _ _ _ _ _ _.
Paleontologists (dinoscientists) have been tracking the
fossil records to show how the continents were once
connected as PANGAEA.
Paleontologists (dinoscientists) have been tracking the
fossil records to show how the continents were once
connected as PANGAEA.
2. Wegener
found rock
layers
the
ROCK LAYERS
in the
exactinsame
layered
positions
two different
exact same
layeredon
positions
on two
continents.
different continents.
Appalachian rocks…
Scottish highlands!
2. ROCK LAYERS in the exact same
layered positions on two different
continents.
Brazil….
West Africa!
3. Wegener found odd places for
fossils…like tropical ferns in icy
Greenland,
3. Wegener found odd places for
fossils…like snail fossils on top of icy
mountains,
3. Wegener found odd places for
fossils…like snail fossils on top of icy
mountains,
3. Wegener found odd places for
fossils… glaciers scratched rocks in
South Africa.
3. Wegener found odd places for
fossils… glaciers scratched rocks in
South Africa… global climate change.
But alas, poor Wegener
But alas, poor Wegener
• Wegener couldn’t
show ___ the
plates move.
But alas, poor Wegener
• Wegener couldn’t
show HOW the
plates move.
But alas, poor Wegener
• Wegener couldn’t
show HOW the
plates move.
• Back then, we had no
GPS (global position
satellites) nor did we
know much about
atomic radiation nor
C _ _ V_ C _ _ _ N
But alas, poor Wegener
• Wegener couldn’t
show HOW the
plates move.
• Back then, we had no
GPS (global position
satellites) nor did we
know much about
atomic radiation nor
CONVECTION!
CONVECTION occurs in the ASTHENOSPHERE.
As hot, less dense rock floats to the top…cools…
then sinks back down again…& again & again.
LITHOSPHERE
ASTHENOSPHERE
REST OF THE HOT STUFF!
So, we have a LOT MORE evidence
to support Wegener’s Theory of
Continental Drift today!
magnetic volcanic rock, seismology exercise, and finally
magnetic reversals, (compasses)
NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our midocean ridges
get compasses iron core…nail battery?
PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST
usually IN THE MID OCEAN RIDGES.
• These submarines also showed us evidence of
MAGNETIC REVERSALS!
Magnetic Reversal
- The changing in direction of the
Earth’s magnetic poles.
- When the Earth’s poles do change
direction, the rocks on the
seafloor become magnetically
charged in the opposite direction.
Compare Earth to a Magnet
Compare Earth to a Magnet
Compare Earth to a Magnet
NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our midocean ridges.
2.
NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our midocean ridges.
2. Careful MAPPING & TRACKING the
movement of Earth’s PLATES.
Geologists have mapped all of the
Earth’s plates.
Scientists track the
movement of our
Earth’s plates…
over land
Scientists track the
movement of our
Earth’s plates…
under sea
Subs use SONAR…
Sonar --(sound echo-location) to
map the ocean floor.
NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our midocean ridges.
2. Careful MAPPING & TRACKING the
movement of Earth’s PLATES.
SONAR…undersea
Geologists study
ROCK core
samples
to show how
and when our
rocky lands
were once
connected.
NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our midocean ridges.
2. Careful MAPPING & TRACKING the
movement of Earth’s PLATES.
SONAR…undersea
ROCK CORE samples