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Year 12 Ecology Flashcards Part Two: Ecological Patterns Write the term from the list below on to the back of the correct definition flashcard. Staple the cards together at the left to make the flashcards. Word List: Ecology Community Population size Distribution Age structure Optimum range Acclimation Consumer Habitat Zonation Epiphytes Tolerance Stress zone Limiting factor Physiological adaptation Environment Abiotic factor Ecological niche Structural adaptation Adaptations Behavioural adaptation Density dependent Ecological succession Mortality Stratification Density independent Population density Limits of tolerance Environmental resistance The study of how organisms interact with their environment Living factors that influence an organism The biotic and abiotic factors surrounding an environment A group of organisms of one species living in an area at one particular time Non-living (physical) factors that influence an organism All the communities and the physical environment in an area Populations of all the species in one area An organism that obtains nutrients from other organisms An organism, such as plants, that make their own food The role or way of life of an organism in a community Inherited characteristics that allow organisms to reproduce or survive more effectively Structures that help an organism to survive The place where an organism lives Processes that organisms carry out to survive Ways in which members of a species act individually or in a group, in order to increase the chances of survival Zone of conditions within which an organism functions at its best ‘Ability to cope’ without compromising health or breeding success The limits, outside which, a factor can cause physiological stress or death The limits outside the optimum range, in which an organism can survive but is under stress A change in an organism’s tolerance limits Lianes Exponential growth Immigration Organism Biotic factor Population Ecosystem Survivorship curve Natality Emigration Equilibrium Carrying capacity Environmental constrain that limits the growth of an organism or population The numbers of individuals per unit area of habitat at a specific time The total number of organisms in a population Shows if a population is increasing, stable or decreasing Location of individuals in an area Death rate Graph showing the number of organisms in a population that survive to a particular age Movement of organisms into a population Birth rate Extremely rapid growth (doubling every time) Movement of organisms out of a population The resistance experienced by a population in exponential growth from the environment as it fills it up When the factors birth and death, and immigration and emigration balance Occurs independently on the size of the population Maximum size of population able to be sustained in an environment Vertical layers of plant species distribution seen in forests The effect depends on the size of the population Plants that grown up the trunk of trees and are rooted into the ground Bands or zones of species distribution seen as a result of a gradient in some environmental factor Change in species distribution with time Plants that are found growing from the forks of trees and have no contact with the soil