Download Digestive System

Digestive System
4th Hour Group Grace
Include the following on your slide:
Name of organ
Description of structure
Function of organ
Identify if there is mechanical &/or chemical digestion
occuring
Picture of the organ
Identify any secretions produced
Function of secretions
Use only 1 slide. Make sure it is neat & easy to read.
Mouth
The mouth, or oral cavity.
Function is to provide mechanical digestion
of food.
It munches the food with it’s teeth and mixes
with it’s tongue.
Structures inside of mouth are: the tongue,
teeth, salivary glands, and tonsils.
Begins process of digestion.
Pharynx
Pathway of food, specifically swallowing it.
Space between larynx and mouth
No digestions
mucus
Mechanical
Esophagus
-The esophagus runs through the
pharynx through the diaphragm to the
stomach.
-Function: the passageway that
conducts food to the stomach. Mechanical change occurs by
delivering the food using peristalsis.
Peristalsis is the alternating waves of
contraction and relaxation that
squeezes food along the GI tract. Secretions: mucous found throughout
Stomach
The stomach receives food the esophagus through a muscular valve called the lower esophageal
sphincter.
The stomach secretes acid and enzymes that digest food.
Both mechanical and chemical digestion occur.
Gastric juice = mixes with food in the stomach to promote
digestion.
Mucous cells = secrete mucus into the lumen of the stomach and into
the gastric pits.
Intrinsic factors = glycoprotein that binds to vitamin B12 allows
vitamin to be absorbed in the small intestine.
Hydrochloric acid = protects the body by killing pathogenic
bacteria naturally found in food.
Pepsin -breaks down protein
Small Intestine
-The small intestine is a tube-like structure about 6 meters long and along the
inner wall contains thousands of tiny villi.
-Chemical Digestion occurs within the small intestine.
- These villi are used to to absorb nutrients from food.
-Produces no secretions itself
Large Intestine
Description of structure: about 5 feet long and about 3 inches
in diameter, consists of cecum, colon, rectum and anal
canal
Function of organ:The colon absorbs water from wastes
Identify if there is mechanical &/or chemical digestion
occurring: mechanical digestion, it absorbs water -> has
nothing to do with enzymes
Identify any secretions produced: Secretion of Mucus
Function of secretions: lubricant that protects the
epithelium, and also serves to bind the dehydrated ingesta
to form feces
Salivary Gland
Parotid Gland on inside of cheek
Submandibular gland at the floor of mouth
Sublingual gland under tongue
Function: makes saliva
Saliva lubricates your mouth, helps with
swallowing and aids in digestion of food
Chemical digestion:saliva contains the
enzyme amylase which breaks down
Pancreas
Long, flat organ located deep in the abdomen
Contains exocrine glands that produce
enzymes important to digestion in the
small intestines
Digest proteins and break down fats
The endocrine component of the pancreas
releases hormones
Insulin and Glucagon-regulate blood sugar
Produces enzymes responsible for Chemical
digestion
Bicarbonate - neutralizes stomach acid
Liver
Structure: The liver is a large, meaty organ that sits on the right side of the belly. The
liver has two large sections, called the right and the left lobes
Function:The liver's main job is to filter the blood coming from the digestive tract,
before passing it to the rest of the body. The liver also detoxifies chemicals and
metabolizes drugs.
Chemical or mechanical digestion: not part of digestive tract but produces bile which
is chemical digestion of fat
Secretions and their functions: liver secretes bile that ends up back in the intestines.
The liver also makes proteins important for blood clotting and other functions.
Gallbladder
Pear shaped and hollow, with a duct attaching
to it
located underneath the liver on the right side
of the abdomen
Main purpose is to store bile
Bile is an enzyme used to digest food
The gallbladders contribution to the digestive
tract is a chemical reaction