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Name: _________________________________________
Chapter 13  The Roman Empire Study Guide
Date: ______
Period: _____
VOCABULARY
Census
(p. 522) A
count of the people in a certain place
Legion
(p. 515) A
group of a few thousand soldiers, particularly in Ancient Rome
Currency
(p. 516) Money
Gladiator__________
A criminal, slave, or prisoner of war of Ancient Rome who was trained at a
(p. 524) special school and then forced to fight to the death for entertainment.
Aqueduct
(p. 522)
A system of canals and bridges that carry water from a natural source,
such as a river, to a
heir
(p. 507)
A person entitled to money and property of another person who has died
Currency
(p. 516)
Money
Pax Romona
(p. 517)
Time period of peace and prosperity during the Roman Empire
Pantomine
(p. 525)
Art of telling a story only using movement and facial expressions, no words
PEOPLE (star the “Five Good Emperors”)
Tiberius
(p. 517)
Antoninus Pius
The son of Augustus, he made many enemies and took away some of the rights of
the Romans
As the adopted son of Hadrian, he ruled the prosperous Roman Empire well for a
long time
(p. 518)
Claudius
(p. 517)
Part of Britain was brought under the control of the Roman Empire during his rule
Titus
(p. 518)
After a rebellion in Judaea, he destroyed the city of Jerusalem in AD 70
Hadrian
(p. 518)
The work of this emperor centered on providing defense for the lands of the Roman
Empire
Nerva
(p. 518)
He improved the lives of the poor and was tolerant of other
religions
Trajan
(p. 518)
Although he was not a native of Rome (the Italian Peninsula), he was well-liked and
brought the Roman Empire to its greatest size
Vespasian
(p. 518)
This general ruled for 10 years and was one of the first emperors not related to Julius
Caesar
Nero
(p. 517)
He was greatly disliked by his people and much of Rome was destroyed in a great
fire during his reign
Marcus Aurulius
Caligula
(p. 519)
(p. 517)
This emperor faced invasions and ruled the Roman Empire during a deadly plague
This emperor was assassinated due to poor rule while he was ill
KEY FACTS
1.How was the Roman Empire different from the Roman Republic? (p. 509)
The Empire had on ruler with absolute power. The Republic’s power was shared by 3
institutions.
2.Who were the members of the 2nd triumvirate? (p. 507)
Mark Antony, Lepidus, Octavian
3.What land did Cleopatra once rule that became part of the Roman Empire? (p. 508)
4.What two men were responsible for Julius Caesar’s assassination? (p. 507)
5.Who was the first emperor of the Roman Empire? (p. 509)
Egypt
Brutus and Cassius
Augustus
6.How did Augustus help spread communication throughout the empire? (p. 516)
He created a postal system
7.Why were roads important to the Roman Empire? (p. 516)
Defense, communication, conquests, trade
8.What were the uses of the spices Rome traded for? Where did the spices come from? (p. 516)
Medicine, cosmetics, perfumes.
India
9.What was “Bread and Circus”? Why was this done? What event was most popular? (p. 524)
Grain and entertainment for the poor.
To win Emperor’s support
Chariot racing
10. Why were slaves important in to the Roman Empire? (p. 522)
The day to day running of the Roman Empire depended on them.
11. What did the Roman Census tell us? (p. 522)
At the time of Augustus, 1 million people lived in Rome.