* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Unit Plans Unit: Classification of Plants Big Ideas Plants can be
History of herbalism wikipedia , lookup
Plant tolerance to herbivory wikipedia , lookup
Gartons Agricultural Plant Breeders wikipedia , lookup
Photosynthesis wikipedia , lookup
Evolutionary history of plants wikipedia , lookup
Ornamental bulbous plant wikipedia , lookup
Venus flytrap wikipedia , lookup
History of botany wikipedia , lookup
Plant stress measurement wikipedia , lookup
Plant evolutionary developmental biology wikipedia , lookup
Plant use of endophytic fungi in defense wikipedia , lookup
Plant defense against herbivory wikipedia , lookup
Plant secondary metabolism wikipedia , lookup
Plant breeding wikipedia , lookup
Plant reproduction wikipedia , lookup
Plant nutrition wikipedia , lookup
Plant physiology wikipedia , lookup
Plant morphology wikipedia , lookup
Plant ecology wikipedia , lookup
Glossary of plant morphology wikipedia , lookup
Unit Plans Unit: Classification of Plants Big Ideas Plants can be classified by use or by physiological structures. Plants are named using their Genus and species in a system called binomial nomenclature. Cultivars and variety names indicate differences within a species. Essential Questions What are five common use categories for plants? What are the stages of taxonomic classification for plants? How does a plant get named? How is a dichotomous key used? What internal structures aid in classifying plants? What external structures aid in classifying plants? How are scientific names used? Unit: Effects of water, temperature and light on plant growth Big Ideas Light, water and temperature quantity and quality affect plant growth. Producers can improve the quality of their plants by altering exposure to light, water and temperature. Essential Questions How much water do plants really need? What happens to plants that get too much or not enough water? What kind of light do plants need? What happens to plants that get too much or too little light? What is the proper temperature for plant growth? What happens to plants grown outside their optimal temperature range? Plant Science Spring 2010 Page 1 Unit Plans Unit: Germination Big Ideas Specific environmental factors determine where a seed will germinate. Water, oxygen and temperature levels must be appropriate for the specific seed. Some seeds require the seed coat to be broken down for germination to occur. Essential Questions What environmental conditions must exist for germination to begin? How does the plant determine the direction of growth? When is germination complete? What is the difference between stratification and scarification? Unit: Greenhouse Structures Big Ideas There are several different shapes of greenhouses and each is appropriate for different situations. Horticulturalists must consider climate, space, cost and purpose when selecting the framework of a greenhouse. Bench selection is determined by space and watering options. A headhouse provides a work and storage space to aid in the running of the greenhouse. Essential Questions What is the purpose of a greenhouse and what forms do they come in? What materials are greenhouses made out of? What are some advantages and disadvantages to those materials? Why is a headhouse added to a greenhouse? Plant Science Spring 2010 Page 2 Unit Plans Unit: Greenhouse Heating and Cooling Systems Big Idea There are a variety of heating systems including hot water, infra-red, and steam heat systems can be controlled through analog or computer control systems. Fan-and-pad, fog, and curtain systems help cool the greenhouse. Essential Questions Why are heating and cooling systems needed in a greenhouse? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the heating and cooling systems mentioned? Which systems are more efficient? Unit: Growing Medium and Its Components Big Ideas The quality of growing media determines the health of the plant. Media can be soil or soil-less and the quality is determined by organic matter, bulk density, porosity, aeration, pH and cation exchange capacity. Medium holds water and nutrients, allows gas change and provides anchorage for the roots. Essential Questions What are the differences between soil and soil-less media? What is bulk density and how is it relevant to plant growth? What is cation exchange? Plant Science Spring 2010 Page 3 Unit Plans Unit: Nutrients and Deficiencies Big Ideas Sixteen nutrients are essential for plant survival. Nutrient deficiencies and excesses result in plant damage and must be prevented. Fertilizers can supplement missing or deficient nutrients and the three most common macronutrients found in fertilizers are nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous. Essential Questions What are the 16 essential nutrients? What are common symptoms of nutrient deficiencies? What are the non-fertilizer nutrients and how are they used by the plant? Unit: Pests and Integrated Pest Management Big Ideas Pests cause injury to plants by affecting reproduction, making them less productive or causing their death. Pests include insects, nematodes, weeds, disease and rodents. Integrated Pest Management(IPM) uses a variety of methods to control pests including mechanical, cultural, chemical, biological and genetic control. IPM is used to reduce dependency on chemical pesticide while keeping pests below a threshold level. Essential Questions What are the major categories of pests? How do pests affect plants? What are the symptoms of pest damage? What is integrated pest management? What is an economic injury level? What are the benefits of using IPM? Plant Science Spring 2010 Page 4 Unit Plans Unit: Photosynthesis Big Idea Photosynthesis is the essential life process that allows autotrophic organisms to manufacture sugars. This process is carried out in the leaves of plants when chlorophyll is present in the chloroplasts The sugars may be used as energy or stored as starch. Essential Questions What is an autotrophic organism? What is the purpose of photosynthesis? What are the inputs necessary for photosynthesis? What are the products of photosynthesis? What environmental factors control the rate of photosynthesis? What plant factors control the rate of photosynthesis? Unit: Plant Growth Regulators Big Ideas Plant growth regulators are chemicals that affect the plant in many complex ways. They control such activities as cell division and differentiation, root and shoot growth, flowering and ripening. Several hormones are made by the tissues of the plant and cause changes to occur in the plant. Essential Questions What are hormones? What are synthetic growth regulators? How can plant growth regulators be manipulated? Plant Science Spring 2010 Page 5 Unit Plans Unit: Plant Life Cycles Big Ideas Plants will follow one of three distinct plant life cycles. Annuals germinate, grow and bloom in one year (one growing season) Perennials will grow for more than two years. Biennials germinate in the first year and have vegetative growth. In the second year, biennials will produce flowers and then die. Essential Questions What is the life cycle of an annual, perennial, and biennial? How do horticulturalists use annuals, perennials, and biennials in landscaping and plantscaping? Unit: Plant Morphology Big Ideas The cells of a plant differ from those of an animal and allow the plant to carry out its essential life processes. The internal and external structures of a plant work together in systems for the production of sugars, transportation of nutrients, absorption or water, anchoring the plant and reproduction. Essential Questions What are the purposes of the leaves? What are the purposes of the roots? What are the purposes of the stems? What are the purposes of the flowers? Plant Science Spring 2010 Page 6 Unit Plans Unit: Propagation from Seeds Big Ideas Plants reproduce sexually through the process of pollination and the production of seeds. Sexual reproduction creates plants with a mix of genes from each parent plant. Pollination is the transportation of sperm from the male part of the plant to the female part of the plant. Essential Questions What is sexual propagation in plants? How is sexual propagation essential to the survival of plants? What are the steps of pollination? What are the steps of fertilization? Unit: Respiration Big Ideas Cellular respiration is the process in which chemical energy stored in certain foods is converted to STP, high-energy compounds. The process of respiration takes place in complex organelles known as mitochondria. Essential Questions What is cellular respiration? What are the processes of cellular respiration? What are the factors that affect cellular respiration? Plant Science Spring 2010 Page 7 Unit Plans Unit: Vegetative Propagation Big Ideas Asexual propagation creates clones of the parent plant. This allows horticulturalists to create a more homogenous crop and to establish that crop more rapidly than by seed. There are a variety of techniques including stem cuttings, leaf cuttings, grafting, layering, separation and division. Propagation methods are chosen based on the species being propagated and the time of the year. Essential Questions What is asexual propagation? What does the daughter plant look like? What is the advantage to asexual propagation? How are cuttings taken? Why do horticulturalists use grafting? What is layering and when is it used? Why are peat moss and prelate used in propagation? What is division? Plant Science Spring 2010 Page 8