Download Noun/Adjective/Article Agreement

La concordancia de sustantivos, artículos, y adjetivos
Noun, Adjective, Article Agreement
Gender – masculine / feminine
 Feminine words usually end in “a.” Example: casa
 Masculine words usually end in “o.” Example: cuarto
 There are exceptions! Example: mapa (map = masc.) mano (hand = fem.)
Number – singular / plural
To make words plural:
 If the word ends in a vowel, add “s”. Example: casa + s = casas
 If the word ends in a consonant, add “es”. Example: comedor + es = comedores
 If the word ends in “z” change to “c” and add “es”. Example: luz > luces
Nouns – Person, place, thing, or idea.
 Unlike English all Spanish nouns have a gender. That does NOT mean a “casa” is
a girl! It’s just a feminine word.
 Nouns are either singular or plural.
 Spanish nouns usually follow articles (see below). Example: la casa, el comedor
Adjectives – Words that describe.
 Spanish adjectives also have gender and are either singular or plural.
 Adjectives must agree with (match) the noun in number and gender.
 In Spanish adjectives follow nouns. This is opposite from English.
Example: La casa blanca (the white house = all feminine words)
Articles – Two types.
 Definite – “the”
 In Spanish there are 4 definite articles, or ways to say “the” so that it can
agree with the noun.
Singular
Plural
Masculine
el
los
Feminine
la
las
 Indefinite – “a” “an” “some” “a few”
 There are 4 indefinite articles in Spanish.
Singular
Plural
Masculine
un
unos
Feminine
una
unas
 Articles must agree with (match) the noun in number and gender.
Examples: la casa blanca – una casa blanca (all singular and feminine)
las casas blancas – unas casas blancas (all plural and feminine)
el cuarto pequeño – un cuarto pequeño (all singular and masculine)
los cuartos pequeños – unos cuartos pequeños (all plural & masculine)