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Transcript
Early Renaissance introduction Giotto’s Lamentation (1306) - Why is this fresco a big deal? ! - How is it different from earlier art? - What do the aesthetics of the time tell us about the spirit of the times? ! ! http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/giotto-arena-chapel-part-1.html http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/giottos-lamentation.html Prayer book decoration ca. 1250 -How does this differ? Cimabue (chee-muh-BOO-ay) Madonna Enthroned ca. 1280 Giotto Madonna Enthroned ca. 1310 International Gothic Style Simone Martini The Annunciation 1333 [multiple styles may exist simultaneously] Renaissance “rebirth” • Rebirth of what? ! • Early Renaissance centered in Florence. – Banking Center (gold florin a standard coin in Europe) ! – Bank from Italian word (banco) ! – important to trade ! – Florentine banking offices throughout Europe help spread ideas of Renaissance. ! – important patrons of the arts Humanism • belief in human perfectibility ! • renewed study of ancient Roman and Greek literature and philosophy ! • emerges from the Italian Renaissance Writers of note • Pico della Mirandola – See C&V 7th, pp. 287-8 – On the Dignity of Man, read the introduction for next class (email) – Used many sources – Was to be his introduction to a debate with church figures (did not take place) • Machiavelli – See pp. 289-290 – The Prince, read excerpt for next class (email) – How to be a ruler. – “ends justify the means” – pragmatic Renaissance Art • New “realism” in art ! • Three dimensions in painting – “Renaissance Space” ! • Traits in Renaissance art (C&V 7th Edition, p 270) – – – – – Perspective Observation of real people Representation of psychological states Uncluttered Roman and Greek motifs International Gothic Style vs. Early Renaissance Style (see pg. 269 of C&V 7th Edition) GENTILE DA FABRIANO, Adoration of the Magi, altarpiece from Santa Trinità, Florence, Italy, 1423. Tempera on wood approx. 9’ 11” x 9’ 3”. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. MASACCIO, Holy Trinity, Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy, ca. 1428. Fresco, 21’ x 10’ 5”. Renaissance art traits (see C&V 7th edition, p. 270) Attention to perspective Fra Angelico Annunciation ca. 1445 Emotional states Masaccio Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden ca. 1425 links for more information • Masaccio’s Holy Trinity • • Masaccio’s Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden • • http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/holy-trinity-santa-maria-novella-florence.html http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/masaccios-expulsion.html Fra Angelico’s The Annunciation • http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/fra-angelico-the-annunciation.html SANDRO BOTTICELLI, Birth of Venus, ca. 1482. Tempera on canvas, approx. 5’ 8” x 9’ 1”. Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence. -Theme of Roman gods ! -Venus here shows a synthesis of -idealized beauty (Neo-Platonism) -Christian mysticism (like the Virgin) -Classical ideal of the female figure of Venus ! - C&V 7th edition, p. 283 ! -Medici Family -Important banking family -Arts patronage -Funded Ficion’s ! -Neo-Platonism ! -ideal beauty -Ficino (fee-CHEE-noh) translated much of Plato’s work into Latin -Ficino’s Academy funded by Medici family -http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/Botticelli.html Botticelli’s Primavera (Springtime), ca. 1478 Who is in the center? Mary? Venus? ! Zephyr pursues a nymph who transforms into Flora ! Mercury and the three Graces on left ! Cupid overhead ! http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/botticelli-primavera.html