Download biology terms biochemistry

acid
adhesion
amino acids
atom
base
capillary action
carbohydrate
catalyst
cohesion
compound
covalent bond
disaccharide
electron
element
enzyme
hydrogen bond
ion
ionic compound
isomer
lipid
macromolecule
metabolism
mineral
mixture
molecule
monomer
monosaccharide
neutron
nucleic acid
nucleotides
periodic table
ph
polar compound
polymer
products
protein
proton
reactants
saturated fatty acids
solute
solution
solvent
suspension
unsaturated fatty acids
valence electrons
vitamin
1. An ___________ is any substance that forms hydrogen atoms in water and has a pH below
7.
2. A _______________________________ is a weak chemical bond formed by the attraction
of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms.
3. The _____________________________ is a table illustrating the periodic system, in which
the chemical elements are shown in related groups.
4. _______________________ is the molecular force of attraction in the area of contact
between unlike bodies that acts to hold them together.
5. An ___________ is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms that gain or lose
electrons.
6. _________ is the measure of how acidic or base a solution is. (scale ranges from 0 to 14)
7. ______________________ are the basic building blocks of protein molecules.
8. An _____________________ is a chemical compound of cations and anions which are held
together by ionic bonds in a lattice structure.
9. A ___________________________ a compound in which the electric charge is not
symmetrically distributed, so that there is a separation of charge or partial charge.
10. An ____________ is the smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that
element; the basic building block of all matter.
11. An ______________ is a compound with the same simple formula but different threedimensional structures resulting in different physical and chemical properties.
12. A _________________ is a large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond
together.
13. A ______________ is any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water and has a pH above
7.
14. A ______________ is a large organic compound made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with
a small amount of oxygen.
15. A ____________________ is a substance obtained from another substance through
chemical change.
16. ________________________ a manifestation of surface tension by which the portion of
the surface of a liquid coming in contact with a solid is elevated or depressed, depending on
the adhesive or cohesive properties of the liquid.
17. A _______________________ is a very large molecule composed of hundreds or thousands
of atoms.
18. A _______________ is a large complex polymer essential to all life; composed of carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur; provides structure for tissues and organs and
helps carry out cell metabolism.
19. A ____________________ is an organic compound used by cells to store and release
energy.
20. ______________________ refers to all of the chemical reactions that occur within an
organism.
21. A _______________ is a positively charged elementary particle that is a fundamental
constituent of all atomic nuclei. It is the lightest and most stable baryon, having a charge
equal in magnitude to that of the electron.
22. A ___________________ is a substance which alters the rate of a chemical reaction but is
chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction.
23. A __________________ is an inorganic substance that is important for chemical reactions
or as building materials in the body.
24. _____________________ are substances participating in a chemical reaction, especially
a directly reacting substance present at the initiation of the reaction.
25. ______________________ refers to the molecular force between particles within a body or
substance that acts to unite them.
26. A _______________________ is a combination of substances in which the individual
components retain their own properties.
27. _______________________________________ are long-chain carboxylic acids that usually
have between 12 and 24 carbon atoms and have no double bonds.
28. A ______________________ is a substance composed of atoms of two or more different
elements that are chemically combined.
29. A ______________________ is a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds; has no
overall charge.
30. A _________________ is the substance being dissolved in a given solution.
31. A _________________________ is a chemical bond formed when two atoms share
electrons.
32. A _________________ is a molecule of low molecular weight capable of reacting with
identical or different molecules of low molecular weight to form a polymer.
33. A __________________ is a mixture in which one or more substances (solutes) are
distributed evenly in another substance (solvent).
34. A _________________________ is any of a group of carbohydrates that yield
monosaccharides on hydrolysis.
35. A ________________________ is a carbohydrate that does not hydrolyze, such as glucose,
fructose, or ribose, occurring naturally or obtained by the hydrolysis of glycosides or
polysaccharides.
36. A ______________ is a substance that dissolves another to form a solution.
37. An ________________ is an elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of
matter, has a negative charge and exists independently or as the component outside the
nucleus of an atom.
38. A ___________________ is an elementary particle having no charge, has a mass slightly
greater than that of a proton, and is a constituent of the nuclei of all atoms except those of
hydrogen.
39. ________________________ refers to the state in which the particles of a substance are
mixed with a fluid but are undissolved.
40. An _______________ is one of a class of substances that cannot be separated into simpler
substances by chemical means.
41. ______________________________ is any of a group of long, linear macromolecules,
either DNA or various types of RNA, that carry genetic information directing all cellular
functions: composed of linked nucleotides.
42. ___________________________________ resemble saturated fatty acids, except that the chain
has one or more double-bonds.
43. An _______________ is a type of protein found in all living things that changes the rate of
chemical reactions.
44. ________________________ are any of a group of molecules that, when linked together,
form the building blocks of DNA or RNA.
45. ____________________________ are electrons of an atom, located in the outermost shell
(valence shell) of the atom, that can be transferred to or shared with another atom.
46. A _________________ is an organic nutrient required in small amounts to maintain growth
and metabolism.