Download 1. During his voyage on the Beagle, Charles Darwin made many

1.
During his voyage on the Beagle, Charles Darwin made many observations
c.
in South America.
2.
On the Galápagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed
c.
somewhat similar species to those on the mainland, with traits that suited their particular environments.
3.
The species of finches that Charles Darwin found on the Galápagos Islands displayed different structural
adaptations. One of the adaptations that Darwin noted was the
b.
birds’ different-shaped beaks.
4.
In the 1800s, Charles Lyell emphasized that
d.
gradual geological events in the past could explain the physical features of today’s Earth.
5.
The number and location of bones of many fossil vertebrates are similar to those in living vertebrates. Most
biologists would probably explain this fact on the basis of
b.
6.
a common ancestor.
When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is
b.
artificial selection.
7.
According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, certain individuals will leave more offspring on average than
do other individuals. Their survival is due to the
b.
possession of inherited adaptations that are well-suited to the environment.
7-II.
The combined alleles of all the individuals that make up a population is the population’s
d.
gene pool.
8.
When lions prey on a herd of antelopes, some antelopes are killed and some escape and live to reproduce.
Which best describes this situation?
b.
Natural selection is a random process.
8-II.
Biological fitness is the ability of the individual to
b.
contribute to the gene pool of the next generation.
Figure 14-1
9.
In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur shown
in Figure 14-1 are
b.
vestigial structures.
10.
Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar
physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finch species
d.
originated from a common ancestor.
11.
The economist Thomas Malthus suggested that
b.
populations can grow faster than the rate at which food and resources can be produced.
12.
Antibiotics are medicines that
a.
strengthen the immune system
b.
kill or slow the growth of bacteria
c.
destroy viruses
d.
kill insects
13.
Which of the following environments is NOT likely to contain fossils?
a.
deserts
b.
lakes
c.
swamps
d.
seas
14.
A change in the gene pool of a population due to chance is called
c.
genetic drift.
15.
Darwin’s theory of evolution is based on the idea(s) of
a.
variation and natural selection.
16.
When farmers select animals or plants to use for breeding, they look for
d.
inherited traits that are of value to humans.
17.
In genetic drift, allele frequencies change because of
b.
chance.
18.
Which of the following statements best describes the findings of Rosemary and Peter Grant’s study of the
Galápagos finches?
c.
Food availability affected beak size.