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Download DNA and RNA - Effingham County Schools
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DNA and RNA DNA • Deoxyribonucleic Acid • Genetic code of life • Located inside the nucleus • NEVER leaves the nucleus • Double Stranded • Shape of DNA is a double helix • Made of nucleotides Structure of DNA • Contains: – Phosphate – Sugar – Nitrogen Base Structure of DNA •Adenine •Thymine •Guanine •Cytosine Deoxyribose DNA Base Pairing Rules • Adenine pairs with Thymine A T • Guanine pairs with Cytosine G C DNA Song We love DNA Made of nucleotides Sugar, phosphate, and a base Bonded down one side Adenine and thymine Make a lovely pair Cytosine without guanine Would feel very bare D, D, DNA Different set of genes Look inside the nucleus For instructions to make proteins We love DNA It’s the code of life And the genetic makeup of All you have inside DNA Base “Round Up” • Find a match for the DNA base you were given • Remember your DNA base pairing rules “Round Up Yourself” What does each DNA base pair with? • • • • • • A G T C G A __________________________ __________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ____________________________ Each base pair is connected by a hydrogen bond Backbone has covalent bonds RNA • Ribonucleic Acid • Makes a copy of the code of life (DNA) • Located outside the nucleus • Single stranded • 3 Types of RNA: Messenger, Transfer, Ribosomal • Made of nucleotides Structure of RNA •Adenine • URACIL •Guanine •Cytosine RIBOSE DNA does not have Uracil RNA Base Pairing Rules • Adenine pairs with Uracil A U • Guanine pairs with Cytosine G C RNA Base “Round Up” • Find a match for the RNA base you were given • Remember your RNA base pairing rules “Round Up Yourself” What does each RNA base pair with? • • • • • • U G A C U A __________________________ __________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ____________________________ 3 Types of RNA • Messenger RNA (mRNA) – carries genetic information from nucleus to cytoplasm • Transfer RNA (tRNA) – carries amino acids from cytoplasm to ribosomes • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – consists of RNA nucleotides in globular form DNA vs. RNA DNA RNA Sugar Deoxyribose Ribose Nitrogen Base Structure Thymine Uracil Double Stranded Single Stranded
