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ROMAN ACHIEVEMENTS
Arts
ACHIEVEMENTS
 Architecture and Engineering
 Roman Laws, Citizenship, and Philosophy
 Roman Language and Writing
 Roman Art
LAWS
Roman law covered marriages, inheritances, and
contracts (agreements) between people
Civil law- laws that applied to all citizens
Law of Nations- laws that applied to all who lived in
Rome
Roman ideas helped shape Western legal systems
LAWS
Roman laws were made
by the Senate and then
publicly posted for all to
see in displays called the
Twelve Tables
They were displayed to
protect Romans from
unfair treatment
JUSTICE
Every person had rights and court
tried to make just, or fair, decisions
that respected people’s rights.
CITIZENSHIP
 All Roman citizens
subject to Roman laws
and enjoyed the same
freedoms and had to
show allegiance
(loyalty) to the emperor
PHILOSOPHY
• Study of wisdom, knowledge and the nature
of reality.
• The Romans saw the Greeks as being
dreamers whilst they were do-ers
• Stoicism- Divine intelligence ruled all of
nature
• Stoics stressed the importance of duty and
acceptance of one’s fate. They also showed
concern for the well-being of all people, an
idea that would be reflected in the Christian
teachings
ROMAN GOVERNMENT
In 509 BCE, the Romans
overthrew the last king and set
up a new government called a
republic, where the people
elect their leaders
The Romans created this republican system so no one
person would gain too much power
REPUBLICAN FORM OF GOVERNMENT
 In 509 B.C., Rome set up a republic-a
government in which citizens vote to
choose their leaders.
 By about 275 B.C., no single class of
people dominated the government.
 In the picture above, we see a Roman
leader speaking in the Senate.
 The Constitution of the United States is
based on the Roman Republic’s system
of balancing the legislative, judicial,
and executive powers of government.
SCRIBES
Person trained to write or
copy documents by hand.
ROMAN NUMERALS

Roman numerals are written as
combinations of seven letters.
I=1 V=5
X = 10
L = 50
C = 100
D =500
M = 1000
 The letters can be written as capital
(XVI) or lower-case letters (xvi).
PROVERBS
Carpe diem.
"Seize the day.“
Veni Vidi Vici
I came, I saw, I conquered.
Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno
One for all and all for one
PARALLEL LATIN AND GREEK ROOTS
PARALLEL LATIN AND GREEK PREFIXES
Definition
against
around
many
over
under,
below
Latin
contra-,
contro-,
circu-, circummultisuper-, sursub-
Greek
anti –
peri –
poly –
hyper –
hypo -
ROMAN LANGUAGE
Words in the five major Romance languages often
sound alike: for example, the Latin word for liberty,
libertas, translates as liberta in Italian, liberte in
French, libertad in Spanish, liberdade in Portuguese,
and libertate in Romanian
See how many modern languages come from Latin; try to figure each
of the three words in the “Modern English” column
?
?
?
LATIN PREFIXES - BASE ROOT
“vis/vid” examples as base roots – vis/vid are not
words by themselves, but they are roots that
mean “see”.
Experience the Consensus Board!
SOME EXAMPLES…
 A visionary sees ahead to how the project could unfold.
 A visor protects your eyes from the sun.
 The vivid colors were so bright, we could see them clearly from far
away.
 Readers with a good imagination visualize the action or setting of the
story.
 Because it was so foggy, the visibility was very poor.
 It is so fun to watch YouTube videos of the screaming goats!
 The girl felt invisible as she started her first day at the new high
MURALS
• Paintings on walls
• The Romans painted
murals.
• These depicted everyday
scenes around Rome.
They also painted
mythological scenes such
as the heroic deeds of
Hercules, Achilles,
Ulysses, and Theseus.
SCULPTURE
Roman sculptors stressed realism,
portraying their subjects with
every wart and vein in place.
Focused on revealing an
individual’s character.
 A statue of a soldier, a writer, or an
emperor might capture an expression
of smugness, discontent, or haughty
pride
MOSAICS
oMosaics- art made
out of small pieces of
tile or stone to form a
design.
FRESCOES
o FRESCOESPAINTINGS
ON
PLASTER
Pompeii. Villa of the Mysteries