Download Chapter 23

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Chapter 23
Transoceanic Encounters & Global
Connections
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Ap World History Journal
12/21
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What was the significance of the Manila Galleons?
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What navigational technologies were derived from Western
Europe?
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Why was Vasca De Gama’s voyage important?
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European Motives for Exploration
1.
Resource – Poor Portugal
searched for fresh resources
and lands for cultivation
2.
Lure of trade without Muslim
intermediaries
3.
Desire to Spread Christianity(
Both peaceful ways ex.
Missionaries, and through
conquest Reconquista,
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Technology of Exploration
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Stern Post Rudder (Chinese) and triangular lateen sail made
it possible to sail against the winds
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Magnetic compass (China)- allowed sailors to determine
direction
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Astrolabe (Arabic Sailors)- allowed them to determine their
latitude at sea
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Cross Staff and back staff (European)- measures the angle of
the sun or pole star to determine latitude.
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Knowledge of the Volta do mar or “return through the sea”
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New Maritime Technologies
Better Maps
[Portulan]
Hartman Astrolabe
(1532)
Mariner’s Compass
Sextant
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New Weapons Technology
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Voyages of Exploration
Vasca Da Gama (Portugal)
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Reached India, brought back
huge profits
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Opened the doors to direct
maritime trading between
Europe & Asia
Voyages of Exploration
Ferdinand Magellan (Portugal)
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1st person to circumnavigate
the world 1519-1522
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Only 35 of the original 280
survived
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Killed in the Philippines
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http://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=UpIx99cDzE&feature=related
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Voyages of Exploration
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Ferdinand Magellan & the First
Circumnavigation of the World:
Early 16c
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Christopher Columbus, Italian
Queen Isabella
(left) and King
Ferdinand
supported the
voyages of
Columbus (left,
above).
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Believed Earth was smaller
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Estimated Japan approximately 2,500
miles west of Canaries (actually 10,000
miles)
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Columbus Discovers New World
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Italian explorer secured Spanish backing
to find a westward route to India.
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During Four voyages (1492-1503),
Columbus “discovers” Americas
(Caribbean & Latin America).
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kvm8
WA0Y2N4
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The Man Who Found
The New World
An 1893 depiction of Columbus landing in the
Caribbean.
Above: A sailing
map made by
Bartholomew &
Christopher
Columbus c.
1490.
Recreations of the
Niña and La Pinta.
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Voyages of Exploration
James Cook
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Led 3 expeditions to
Arctic, Pacific, Australia.
Died in Hawaii
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Helped geographers to
get better understanding
of the world
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Killed in Hawaii
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Wind and current patterns in the
world's oceans.
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European exploration in the Atlantic
Ocean, 1486-1498.
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What was the Columbian
Exchange
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Columbian Exchange
+ How did the Columbian Exchange
impact the World?
Items sent to the Old World
Items sent to the New World
Potatoes
Disease ( Small Pox, Malaria)
Tomatoes
Horses, Cattle, Pigs
Maize ( Corn)
Sugar Cane
Syphilis
Coffee Beans
Turkey
Rice
The “Columbian Exchange”
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Squash
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Avocado
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Peppers
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Sweet Potatoes
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Turkey
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Pumpkin
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Tobacco
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Quinine
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Cocoa
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Pineapple
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Cassava
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POTATO
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Peanut
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TOMATO
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Vanilla
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MAIZE
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Syphilis
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Trinkets
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Liquor
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GUNS
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Olive
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COFFEE BEAN
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Banana
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Rice
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Onion
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Turnip
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Honeybee
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Barley
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Grape
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Peach
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SUGAR CANE
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Oats
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Citrus Fruits
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Pear
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Wheat
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HORSE
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Cattle
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Sheep
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Pigs
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Smallpox
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Flu
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Typhus
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Measles
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Malaria
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Diptheria
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Whooping Cough
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20
World Population Growth, 15001800 CE
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European Empires in the Americas
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Why is the 7 Years War Important
to World History?
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It placed Britain in a position to dominate world trade for the
next 150 years
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Analyze the Impact of Technology
on the global trading networks
from 1500-1800?
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The astrolabe( Arabs) and cross staff( Europeans) helped to
determine latitude @ sea
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Magnetic compass (china) helped point them in the right
direction
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Stern Rudder- helped point the ship in the right sailing
direction
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Who was Afonso De
Albuquerque?
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Architect of the aggressive
Portuguese policy of making
other people pay duties to use
the Indian Ocean trade route
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People who did not pay duties
were punished severely