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Name____________________________ NtBk #_______ Age of Exploration Notes 1st Europeans to Reach Americas: ◦ The _______ or Norsemen are believed to be the first ___________________________, sailing from present day Scandinavia to Iceland and Greenland as early as the 800s. ◦ Viking voyages were not well known throughout Europe and the rest of Europe does not “discover” the America’s until the late 1400s. Who is leaving Europe and why? ◦ Those looking for adventure or _________and are very brave to do so. ◦ Land routes to Asia were expensive and very dangerous so nations turned their focus to look for ________________________. Portuguese Exploration ◦ Portugal's small political boarders but large coastal areas allow for them to lead the way with exploration as they are ___________________. ◦ Prince Henry __________________ laid the groundwork for sailing exploration. ◦ In 1420 he set up a center for ________ and invested large amounts of money into the best programs for __________and ship building. ◦ Earns the nickname _______________ since he planned voyages for sailors and studied reports and accounts brought back by his sailors. ◦ Sailed along the coast of _______________ and traded for ________________. ◦ Set up trading posts along the coast of West Africa. ◦ Due to large amounts of _______ in West Africa, it becomes known as the “Gold Coast” Name____________________________ NtBk #_______ ◦ Early ties to slavery of African Americans begin. ◦ Begin looking for routes around ________ to _______ to trade directly with India and China. ◦ Goal is to bypass middle men in Africa and trade directly with Asia. Team Portugal ◦ ___________________ sets sail in 1487 with 2 small caravels to explore the southernmost part of Africa. ◦ Dias makes it to the southern tip of Africa, known and named by him as the ____________________due to the storms he had to pass on his return to Portugal. ◦ ________________ in July of 1497 sets sail headed for Africa. ◦ Makes it to the port of _______________ in May of 1498. ◦ Kicks of the exploration craze, ______ more ships set sail with news of this route. Spanish Goals and interests in Exploration ◦ Goals : 3 G’s ◦ G______ – Spread Catholicism ◦ G______ – Get paid! Wealth! ◦ G______ – Build an Empire. Christopher Columbus ◦ Spain “signs” 3 strong explorers: Christopher Columbus, ______________________to Team Spain. ◦ Italian born Christopher Columbus led 90 sailors on 3 ships on a voyage into the unknown in 1492 with the goal of __________ but with a different route than the Portuguese used. ◦ Columbus believed Asia was about ______ miles away – a 2 month ship voyage westward. ◦ Columbus underestimated the ________________ and land masses in the way of Asia. ◦ While many nations _______ to fund his voyage due to funds spent on keeping the Muslims from invading Western European, the __________ agree to _______. Name____________________________ ◦ The Spanish see the success of the Portuguese and want in on the riches. ◦ King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain agree for 2 key reasons: NtBk #_______ ◦ 1. Promise of bringing _____________________________. ◦ 2. _____________ associated with finding a trade route to Asia. Columbus’s Voyages ◦ October 12, 1492 Columbus and his displeased crew on a small chain on islands, modern day _____________. ◦ Believed to have landed in the _________________________. ◦ Makes 3 more voyages for Spain (1493, 1498, 1502) ◦ Explores the Caribbean Islands of Haiti and Dominican Republic, Cuba, and Jamaica. Claimed the land for _________________. ◦ While Columbus did not read Asia, he instead found a new part of the world unknown to Europeans. ◦ This kicked off the Spanish Empire in the Americas. Splitting the world…fairly? ◦ __________________________ take an early lead in exploring the new world and want to protect their claims in the Americas. ◦ Both nations want to keep the rest of Europe out of their newly found areas. ◦ Turn to Pope Alexander VI for help in 1493. ◦ Pope Alexander orders ___________________________ – which is an imaginary line that ran from the North Pole to the South Pole and cut the Atlantic Ocean into 2. ______ was to control all lands to the west of the line, while __________________ would control all lands to the ______________. ◦ Portugal feels Spain is getting more land and later in 1494 sign an agreement of the _________________________________ which moved the line further west. Name____________________________ NtBk #_______ 1. How did Henry the Navigator earn his name? 2. Who sailed along the coast of Africa? 3. Why are European countries so eager to explore? What are 3 main goals? 4. These two countries argue over who controls what land. How is this argument settled?