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Transcript
Ecology Ch 5 Interactions Section 1 Habitats and Niches Introduction Ecosystems are a network of interactions between living things and the environment Each organism has a means of getting food, water, living space Approached from the evolution principle Role in the ecosystem Adapt to change over time Ecology is the study of that adaptation Habitat Ecosystem can be very different Climate Organisms Conditions Organisms must adapt to those conditions The place an organism lives is called its habitat Size varies with the type of organism Niches Each organism had adapted to its habitat Gathering food Reproduction Avoiding predators Active times Their role within the ecosystem is called its niche Includes biotic and abiotic factors Niches Continued All members of a species are adapted to the same niche If they are different enough they are a different species Anolis lizard example of two species with similar niches If two different species try to occupy the same niche it leads to competition Niche competition Competition can lead to extinction Competitive exclusion To avoid competition organisms will go where there is less competition Fundamental niche- theoretical niche Realized niche- actual niche Realized Niches Fundamental Niches Niche Diversity Often controlled by abiotic factors Temperature Moisture Predation increases diversity Keystone predator causes the most diversity Robert Paine Worked with sea stars When removed the number of mussels increased Number of species drops from 15 to 8
