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Lesson Overview 7.3 Cell Transport Lesson Overview Cell Transport The Cell Membrane All cell membranes are made of phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins Lesson Overview Cell Transport Cell Transport Materials must move into and out of the cell, across the membrane, to stay alive. Water Na+ ions Cl- ions O2 CO2 Lesson Overview Cell Transport Types of Cell Transport PASSIVE - does not use energy • Diffusion • Osmosis • Facilitated Diffusion ACTIVE - uses energy • Pumps • Endocytosis • Exocytosis Lesson Overview Cell Transport Diffusion (No Energy Required) Diffusion = materials move from high concentration to lower concentration through the phospholipids. Lesson Overview Cell Transport Facilitated Diffusion (No Energy Required) Facilitated diffusion = Big molecules must pass through protein channels. Lesson Overview Cell Transport Osmosis: An Example of Facilitated Diffusion (No Energy Required) Osmosis = the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from HIGH to LOW. Water moves in and out of cells by using channel proteins called aquaporins. Lesson Overview Cell Transport How Osmosis Works Lesson Overview Cell Transport Types of Solutions Hypertonic = solution with lots of “stuff” dissolved in water. Ex. Ocean Water, Iced Tea, High fructose corn syrup. Hypotonic = solution with very little “stuff” dissolved in water. Ex. Pure water, tap water. Isotonic = solution that is equal to the environment. Ex. Saline solution in your blood. Lesson Overview Cell Transport Osmotic Pressure in Animals Cells The net movement of water into or out of a cell exerts a force known as osmotic pressure. Lesson Overview Cell Transport Osmotic Pressure in Plant Cells Lesson Overview Cell Transport Active Transport (Requires Energy) The movement of material against a concentration gradient is known as active transport. Active transport requires energy!!!! - Uses protein pumps and ATP to pump materials across the membrane. Lesson Overview Cell Transport Bulk Transport (Requires Energy) Endocytosis = taking material into the cell with vesicles using the cell membrane. Exocytosis = vesicles fuse with the membrane and push the contents out of the cell. BOTH REQUIRE ENERGY!!!