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Overview Management of Natural Resources Portfolio Nguyen Cong, Chuc Hanoi, 04.10.2012 08.05.2017 Page 1 Seite Definition of EBA Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) supports societal adaptation (or alternatively: reduces vulnerability of society) to climate change by deliberately managing and utilizing ecosystems and their services. It complements or substitutes hard infrastructure or other technical adaptation alternatives and – as an important co-benefit – contributes to biodiversity conservation. 08.05.2017 Page 2 Seite Reciprocity between ecosystems and society, which the EbA approach builds on. 08.05.2017 Page 3 Seite Examples of specific benefits and related EbA measures are (based on IUCN, 2009; 2010a; World Bank, 2010): Water storage and flood control e.g. through the sustainable management of river basins, aquifers, and their associated vegetation; Livelihood sustenance and food security through the diversification of food products and the establishment of diverse agricultural systems; Disaster risk reduction and protection from storms, floods, coastal erosion, saline intrusion, landslide and avalanche e.g. through the restoration of coastal habitats, such as mangroves, and reforestation; Increased resilience to droughts and flooding e.g. through the sustainable management of grass- and rangelands; Fire control e.g. through strategic management of shrublands and forests; Income generation and diversification for example through agricultural diversification, eco-tourism, agro-forestry and sustainable logging. 08.05.2017 Page 4 Seite Estimates of Costs and Benefits of Restoration Projects Note: Time horizon for benefit calculation 40 years; Discount rate 1%, and discount rate sensitivity by flexing to 4%. Source: (Adapted from TEEB, 2009). Biome/Ecosystem Estimated Typical cost of annual benefits Net present value of from restoration benefits over (high scenario) restoration (avg. scenario) 40 years USD/ha Internal rate of Benefit/cost return ratio USD/ha USD/ha % Ratio 232,700 73,900 935,400 11% 4.4 Mangroves 2,880 4,290 86,900 40% 26.4 Tropical Forests 3,450 7,000 148,700 50% 37.3 Coastal Woodland/shrublan d 990 1,571 32,180 42% 28.4 Grassland 260 1,010 22,600 79% 75.1 08.05.2017 Page 5 Seite Options for incentive mechanisms and policies to promote EbA (based on Lu (2010) and CBD (2009)) e.g. Regulatory Mechanisms: outright bans, restrictions, emission limits, conservation easements and concessions (example logging bans); Creating Awareness and Demand: Product Certification and Labelling (example: shade- grown coffee; organic food certificates), price premiums for green markets; Leveraging Existing Markets: taxes, fees and subsidies (example reduction or elimination of fossil-fuel subsidies or other perverse subsidies for agriculture and fishing); Market Development: Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES), Markets for Environmental Services (MES) (examples: water and biodiversity markets) and Economic Valuation of Ecosystems (example: forest payment scheme, combinations of carbon and biodiversity finance); Development of market standards and registries (example: Climate, Community and Biodiversity Alliance (CCBA) Standards); Financial Instruments: Microfinance, Bank lending, Conservation Trust Funds; Capacity Building: e.g. by institutional strengthening and creation of partnerships. 08.05.2017 Page 6 Seite WHAT is GIZ Vietnam doing in that thematic field 2 examples - coastal program -biodiversity program 08.05.2017 Page 7 Seite Bac Can Tuyen Quang Sustainable Forest Management Hanoi Vietnamese-German Forestry Programme (Phase III: 10/2011–09/2015) Yen Bai Biodiversity Ha Tinh Thanh Hoa Phong Nha Ke Bang NP Management Project (Phase II: 2011–2013) Quang Binh Preservation of Biodiversity in the Forest Ecosystems in VN (Phase I: 08/2010–07/2013) TT - Hue Climate Change and Coastal Ecosystems Kon Tum Management of NR Soc Trang (Phase II: 03/2007–12/2013) Adaptation to Climate Change in Bac Lieu (12/2010–12/2014) Dak Lak Climate Change and Coastal Ecosystems Programme (ICMP/CCCEP; 06/2011–06/2016) Renewable Energy Project (03/2012–03/2014) Poverty Alleviation in Rural Areas (Phase II: 01/2011–06/2013) Ninh Thuan An Giang Binh Thuan Kien Giang Tra Vinh Soc Trang Ca Mau Bac Lieu 08.05.2017 Page 8 Seite Integrated Coastal and Mangrove Forest Protection in the Mekong Provinces for the Adaptation to Climate Change (ICMP)– Climate Change and Coastal Ecosystem Program (CCCEP) Duration: 2011 – 2016 Funding: Total commitments are up to EUR 25 million by the Australian and German Governments In addition KfW Bank has committed to provide EUR 18 million in financial cooperation 08.05.2017 08.05.2017 Page 9 Seite Project focusing on 5 provinces and on national level 08.05.2017 08.05.2017 Page 10 Seite Mission and Vision of the Program Preserving the Mekong Delta as a viable economic area, reconciling human and societal necessities with ecological requirements 08.05.2017 Page 11 Seite The 6 components focuses on Capacity and institutional development for integrated coastal ecosystems management in the context of climate change Water management and adaptation to climate change in An Giang Province Sustainable management of forest ecosystems for coastal protection in Bac Lieu Province Integrating adaptation to climate change into planning for coastal area management in Ca Mau Province Conservation and development of key sites in the Man and Biosphere Reserve in Kien Giang Province Management of natural resources in the coastal zone of Soc Trang Province 08.05.2017 08.05.2017 Page 12 Seite Fields of Work Transformational change of the legal frameworks Climate Change-adaptive alternative income generating activities Implementation within the legal frameworks Scope of activities from informal awareness raising to formal environmental education 08.05.2017 Page 13 Seite Topics Mangrove Rehabilitation Erosion Control Barriers Awareness Raising Environmental Education Management of Wetland Ecosystems Co-Management 08.05.2017 Page 14 Seite Further topics Integrated coastal zone planning Development planning (including the Integration of climate proofing into development planning) Water management Sustainable livelihoods Sustainable Aquaculture Sustainable Agriculture 08.05.2017 08.05.2017 Page 15 Seite Preservation of Biodiversity in forest ecosystems in Vietnam Peroid: 8/2010 – 07/2020 1st phase: 8/2010 – 07/2013 Project areas: Forests with high biodiversity or conservation value and selected pilot areas namly the Be Be and Bach Ma National Parks and the Na Hang, Pu Hu and Pu Luong nature reserves 08.05.2017 08.05.2017 Page 16 Seite Basic principles of project intervention All activities need to relate clearly to the objective of linking pilot activities with improvements at national level Pilot activities on • innovative financing and management mechanisms • improved and innovative planning, cooperation and coordination approaches linked to National improvements: • institutionalization of methodologies • strengthened legal and institutional framework and • improved coordination between stakeholders 08.05.2017 Page 17 Seite Thematic working areas I) Policy/Legal Framework Area: Legal and institutional framework for biodiversity conservation; inter- and intra-ministerial/departmental coordination; Law enforcement II) Capacity Development Area Institutionalization of capacity building for PA system Information Management for PA system and awareness building Awareness building for broader public and capacity building measures for project partners 08.05.2017 Page 18 Seite Thematic working areas III) Innovative Financing and Community-based Benefit Sharing Mechanisms Area Implementation of one innovative financing mechanism in one pilot area Development and piloting of benefit sharing mechanism (support implementation of pilot decision 126 on BSM in Bach Ma) 08.05.2017 Page 19 Seite Examples…. Progress and Achieved results Awareness building for broader public and capacity building measures for project partners: Capacity building and advocacy measures for direct partners and project staff (Biodiv. Conserv. Training, TEEB Conference and Training, Youth Filmfestival etc.) Training on environmental education and awareness building (ToT) implementation though a third party Awareness raising measures with media to create a broader public awareness on the value of biodiversity (radio clips and documentations) 08.05.2017 Page 20 Seite Examples II Progress and Achieved results Innovative financing mechanisms: Study on financing situation of PAs in Vietnam, experiences of financing mechanisms and potential of innovative financing mechanisms. Organize regional conference on the economics of ecosystems and biodiversity (TEEB) Support guidance and CB for implementation of Decree 99 on PFES (Technical maual, Q&A booklet, Trainings, study tour) Conduct feasibility study for tourism PFES in Ba Be NP Support Ba Be NP and Na Hang PA in formulation of conservation-oriented investment plan Benefit sharing mechanisms: Support Implementation of pilot decision 126 on BSM in Bach Ma NP 08.05.2017 Page 21 Seite Thank you for your attention 08.05.2017 Page 22 Seite