Download Climate Change and Coastal Ecosystems

Overview Management of Natural
Resources Portfolio
Nguyen Cong, Chuc
Hanoi, 04.10.2012
08.05.2017
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Definition of EBA
 Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) supports
societal adaptation (or alternatively: reduces
vulnerability of society) to climate change by
deliberately managing and utilizing ecosystems
and their services. It complements or
substitutes hard infrastructure or other technical
adaptation alternatives and – as an important
co-benefit – contributes to biodiversity
conservation.
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Reciprocity between ecosystems and society, which the
EbA approach builds on.
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Examples of specific benefits and related EbA measures
are (based on IUCN, 2009; 2010a; World Bank, 2010):
 Water storage and flood control e.g. through the sustainable
management of river basins, aquifers, and their associated vegetation;
 Livelihood sustenance and food security through the diversification
of food products and the establishment of diverse agricultural systems;
 Disaster risk reduction and protection from storms, floods, coastal
erosion, saline intrusion, landslide and avalanche e.g. through the
restoration of coastal habitats, such as mangroves, and reforestation;
 Increased resilience to droughts and flooding e.g. through the
sustainable management of grass- and rangelands;
 Fire control e.g. through strategic management of shrublands and
forests;
 Income generation and diversification for example through
agricultural diversification, eco-tourism, agro-forestry and sustainable
logging.
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Estimates of Costs and Benefits of Restoration Projects
Note: Time horizon for benefit calculation 40 years; Discount rate 1%, and discount rate sensitivity
by flexing to 4%. Source: (Adapted from TEEB, 2009).
Biome/Ecosystem
Estimated
Typical cost of annual benefits Net present
value of
from
restoration
benefits over
(high scenario) restoration
(avg. scenario) 40 years
USD/ha
Internal rate of Benefit/cost
return
ratio
USD/ha
USD/ha
%
Ratio
232,700
73,900
935,400
11%
4.4
Mangroves
2,880
4,290
86,900
40%
26.4
Tropical Forests
3,450
7,000
148,700
50%
37.3
Coastal
Woodland/shrublan
d
990
1,571
32,180
42%
28.4
Grassland
260
1,010
22,600
79%
75.1
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Options for incentive mechanisms and policies to
promote EbA (based on Lu (2010) and CBD (2009)) e.g.
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Regulatory Mechanisms: outright bans, restrictions, emission limits,
conservation easements and concessions (example logging bans);
Creating Awareness and Demand: Product Certification and Labelling
(example: shade- grown coffee; organic food certificates), price premiums for
green markets;
Leveraging Existing Markets: taxes, fees and subsidies (example
reduction or elimination of fossil-fuel subsidies or other perverse subsidies
for agriculture and fishing); Market Development: Payments for Ecosystem
Services (PES), Markets for Environmental Services (MES) (examples:
water and biodiversity markets) and Economic Valuation of Ecosystems
(example: forest payment scheme, combinations of carbon and biodiversity
finance); Development of market standards and registries (example: Climate,
Community and Biodiversity Alliance (CCBA) Standards);
Financial Instruments: Microfinance, Bank lending, Conservation Trust
Funds;
Capacity Building: e.g. by institutional strengthening and creation of
partnerships.
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WHAT is GIZ Vietnam
doing in that thematic
field
2 examples
- coastal program
-biodiversity program
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Bac Can
Tuyen Quang
Sustainable Forest Management
Hanoi
Vietnamese-German Forestry Programme
(Phase III: 10/2011–09/2015)
Yen Bai
Biodiversity
Ha Tinh
Thanh Hoa
Phong Nha Ke Bang NP Management Project
(Phase II: 2011–2013)
Quang Binh
Preservation of Biodiversity in the Forest Ecosystems in VN
(Phase I: 08/2010–07/2013)
TT - Hue
Climate Change and Coastal Ecosystems
Kon Tum
Management of NR Soc Trang
(Phase II: 03/2007–12/2013)
Adaptation to Climate Change in Bac Lieu
(12/2010–12/2014)
Dak Lak
Climate Change and Coastal Ecosystems Programme
(ICMP/CCCEP; 06/2011–06/2016)
Renewable Energy Project
(03/2012–03/2014)
Poverty Alleviation in Rural Areas
(Phase II: 01/2011–06/2013)
Ninh Thuan
An Giang
Binh Thuan
Kien Giang
Tra Vinh
Soc Trang
Ca Mau
Bac Lieu
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Integrated Coastal and Mangrove Forest Protection in the
Mekong Provinces for the Adaptation to Climate Change (ICMP)–
Climate Change and Coastal Ecosystem Program (CCCEP)
 Duration: 2011 – 2016
 Funding: Total commitments are up to EUR 25 million by the
Australian and German Governments
 In addition KfW Bank has committed to provide EUR 18 million
in financial cooperation
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 Project focusing on 5 provinces and on national level
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Mission and Vision of the
Program
 Preserving the Mekong Delta as a viable
economic area, reconciling human and societal
necessities with ecological requirements
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The 6 components focuses on
 Capacity and institutional development for integrated coastal
ecosystems management in the context of climate change
 Water management and adaptation to climate change in An Giang
Province
 Sustainable management of forest ecosystems for coastal
protection in Bac Lieu Province
 Integrating adaptation to climate change into planning for
coastal area management in Ca Mau Province
 Conservation and development of key sites in the Man and
Biosphere Reserve in Kien Giang Province
 Management of natural resources in the coastal zone of Soc
Trang Province
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Fields of Work
Transformational change of
the legal frameworks
Climate Change-adaptive alternative
income generating activities
Implementation within
the legal frameworks
Scope of activities from informal
awareness raising to formal
environmental education
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Topics
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Mangrove Rehabilitation
Erosion Control Barriers
Awareness Raising
Environmental Education
Management of Wetland
Ecosystems
Co-Management
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Further topics
 Integrated coastal zone planning
 Development planning (including the Integration
of climate proofing into development planning)
 Water management
 Sustainable livelihoods
 Sustainable Aquaculture
 Sustainable Agriculture
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Preservation of Biodiversity in forest
ecosystems in Vietnam
 Peroid: 8/2010 – 07/2020
 1st phase: 8/2010 – 07/2013
 Project areas: Forests with high biodiversity or
conservation value and selected pilot areas
namly the Be Be and Bach Ma National Parks
and the Na Hang, Pu Hu and Pu Luong nature
reserves
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Basic principles of project intervention
All activities need to relate clearly to the objective of
linking pilot activities with improvements at national level
Pilot activities on
• innovative financing
and management
mechanisms
• improved and
innovative planning,
cooperation and
coordination
approaches
linked to
National improvements:
• institutionalization of
methodologies
• strengthened legal and
institutional framework
and
• improved coordination
between stakeholders
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Thematic working areas
I) Policy/Legal Framework Area:
 Legal and institutional framework for biodiversity
conservation;
 inter- and intra-ministerial/departmental
coordination;
 Law enforcement
II) Capacity Development Area
 Institutionalization of capacity building for PA
system
 Information Management for PA system and
awareness building
 Awareness building for broader public and
capacity building measures for project partners
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Thematic working areas
III) Innovative Financing and Community-based
Benefit Sharing Mechanisms Area
 Implementation of one innovative financing
mechanism in one pilot area
 Development and piloting of benefit sharing
mechanism (support implementation of pilot
decision 126 on BSM in Bach Ma)
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Examples….
Progress and Achieved results
Awareness building for broader public and capacity
building measures for project partners:
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Capacity building and advocacy measures for
direct partners and project staff (Biodiv. Conserv.
Training, TEEB Conference and Training, Youth
Filmfestival etc.)
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Training on environmental education and
awareness building (ToT) implementation though
a third party
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Awareness raising measures with media to create
a broader public awareness on the value of
biodiversity (radio clips and documentations)
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Examples II
Progress and Achieved results
Innovative financing mechanisms:
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Study on financing situation of PAs in Vietnam,
experiences of financing mechanisms and potential
of innovative financing mechanisms.
Organize regional conference on the economics of
ecosystems and biodiversity (TEEB)
Support guidance and CB for implementation of
Decree 99 on PFES (Technical maual, Q&A
booklet, Trainings, study tour)
Conduct feasibility study for tourism PFES in Ba Be
NP
Support Ba Be NP and Na Hang PA in formulation
of conservation-oriented investment plan
Benefit sharing mechanisms:
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Support Implementation of pilot decision 126 on BSM in Bach Ma
NP
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Thank you for your attention
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