Download Exam 3

Concepts in Biology; Exam #3
April 8, 2013
Name ____________________________________
Directions: Please answer all questions to the best of your ability. Good Luck.
Multiple Choice: Please select the best possible answer and write it in the space next to
the question number. (3 points each)
_____ 1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
The two chains that make up a single double-helix strand of DNA are:
Codons
Anti-codons
Complementary
Duplicates
_____ 2. How many different types of nucleotide bases are used to encode all the genetic
information in a molecule of DNA
A.
B.
C.
D.
2
4
20
10 million
_____ 3. A DNA molecule can be described as a twisted ladder. The _________ form the sides
and the ________ form the rungs.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Base pairs; sugar-phosphate chains
Sugars; phosphates
Sugars; base pairs
Sugar-phosphate chains; base pairs
_____ 4. A change in the base DNA sequence is called a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Mutation
Evolution
Natural selection
Free radical
_____ 5. Mutations only found in somatic cells (skin, lung, heart, etc.) are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Always harmful
Only passed on through sneezing and not washing your hands.
Not passed on to future generations
Always passed on to future generations
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Concepts in Biology; Exam #3
April 8, 2013
Name ____________________________________
_____ 6. What is a point mutation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A single nucleotide change
A mutation that affects only half of the cells
Large amounts of inserted viral DNA
A mutation where an entire chromosome is lost
_____ 7. In translation, ribosomes reads mRNA:
A.
B.
C.
D.
In three nucleotide sets called codons
In three nucleotide sets called anti-codons
One nucleotide at a time
All of the above
_____ 8. A single nucleotide switch (mutation) in the DNA that does not affect the protein
produced is called:
A.
B.
C.
D.
A mis-sense mutation
A silent mutation
A frame shift mutation
Aneuploidy
_____ 9. Selecting animals with specific traits, such as lots of milk production in dairy cows,
and allowing those individual to breed is called:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Genetic mutation
Random mating
Selective breeding
Transgenics
_____ 10. Research using the insertion of new genes into the genome of organisms, such as
making highly nutritious golden rice, is an example of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Genetic mutation
Random mating
Selective breeding
Transgenics
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Concepts in Biology; Exam #3
April 8, 2013
Name ____________________________________
_____ 11. The three tenants of Darwin’s theory of evolution are ________, _________, and that
mutations are heritable.
A.
B.
C.
D.
High mutation rate, Variation
High mutation rate, Natural selection
Survival of the fittest, Genetic drift
Variation, Natural selection
_____ 12. The similarities of the bones in the forelimb of bats, whales and humans, that
share an evolutionary origin, is an example of?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Transgenics
Genetic recombination
Homology
Homoplasy (i.e. Analogy)
_____ 13. Small changes in the DNA code over time have given us complex features such as
the human eye. What is this process of small gradual changes called?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Microevolution
Natural selection
Stabilizing selection
Genetic recombination
_____ 14. If all cells in your body have the same DNA what allows some cells to form skin
cells, and others to form brain cells (which are very different)?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Mutations
Gene regulation
Transgenics
Plasmids
_____ 15. If two populations of bears are separated by a newly formed mountain range, and
individuals are no longer able to travel in between populations this will cause:
A.
B.
C.
D.
A increase in gene flow
A loss of gene flow
A increase in natural selection
A loss of natural selection
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Concepts in Biology; Exam #3
April 8, 2013
Name ____________________________________
_____ 16. The process of natural selection favoring larger brain cavities in humans
(selecting for one end of the phenotypic range) is called?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Stabilizing selection
Backwards selection
Direction selection
Sexual selection
_____ 17. The process by which two populations separated by a geographic barrier (e.g.
mountain range) form distinct species is called?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Allopatric speciation
Hybridization
Artificial speciation
Sympatric speciation
_____ 18. Animals such as the Liger and Mule are not considered new species under the
biological species concept because?
A.
B.
C.
D.
They are only found in zoos or farms
They are stronger or more easily domesticated than their parents
They defend themselves with growing skills in magic
They will not natural produce offspring
_____ 19. The theory of natural selection states that:
A. Individuals that live the longest are best adapted and selected for survival in the
next generation.
B. The best-adapted individuals survive and reproduce, contributing the most genes to
the next generation.
C. Only the largest and strongest individuals survive.
D. All of the Above
_____ 20. Which of the following can result in reproductive isolation and speciation
A.
B.
C.
D.
Geographic isolation
Temporal isolation
Behavioral isolation
All of the Above
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Concepts in Biology; Exam #3
April 8, 2013
Name ____________________________________
_____ 21. Charles Lyell’s theory of succession states:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Newer fossils will form above older fossils in the geological record
Older fossils will be found above newer ones in the geological record
Fossils can only be found in igneous rock (from volcanic eruptions)
All of the Above
_____ 22. What are fossils?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Hardened dinosaur poop
Biological tissue sealed in sedimentary rock
Mineral replacement of biological tissue in sedimentary rock
Imprints of once living organisms in igneous rock
_____ 23. The Cambrian period is marked by which major event?
A. A rapid diversification of eukaryotic organisms, including terrestrial plants and
animals
B. The rise of Dinosaurs and mammals
C. The rise of primates
D. All of the Above
_____ 24. The Triassic period is marked by which major event?
A. A rapid diversification of eukaryotic organisms, including terrestrial plants and
animals
B. The rise of Dinosaurs and mammals
C. The rise of primates
D. All of the Above
_____ 25. If the whole history of earth were represented as a 24-hour clock. When would
humans first appear
A.
B.
C.
D.
6 AM
Noon
6:30 PM
11:58 PM
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Concepts in Biology; Exam #3
April 8, 2013
Name ____________________________________
Short Answer: Provide a BRIEF, CONCISE answer to each question. Usually, the answers
should be in short, grammatically correct paragraphs. Diagrams may be used, but should be
carefully labeled and should be supplementary to your written answer. (5 point each).
1.
What are complementing nucleotide bases?
2.
Describe the process DNA -> RNA -> Protein
3.
Disruptive selection favors the extremes of the phenotypic range over the mean. What is
the ultimate effect of this type of selection?
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Concepts in Biology; Exam #3
April 8, 2013
4.
5.
Name ____________________________________
What is sympatric speciation? How might it occur?
Please explain Couvier’s theory of extinction and explain how the fossil record supports his
theory.
Bonus Question: What prevented Charles Darwin from becoming a doctor?
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