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UNIT 6
PRONOUNS
PRONOUNS
Pronouns and Antecedents
• A pronoun is a word that takes the place of one or more nouns.
• The antecedent of a pronoun is the noun or nouns to which the
pronoun refers.
• Provide a clear antecedent for every pronoun.
John Moisant was a pilot, and he taught Harriet to fly.
Pilots and teachers had refused Harriet.
They thought women shouldn’t fly.
Write the antecedent for each underlined pronoun.
The pronoun and its antecedent may not always be
in the same sentence.
Example: The trip was dangerous, but it would not last long.
trip
1. After the pilot boarded the plane, she started the engine.
2. When the plane gathered speed, it soared into the air.
3. Rain fell hard, and it limited the pilot’s view.
4. After the pilot checked the compass, she
changed direction.
5. Harriet Quimby was daring, and she had a goal.
7. Men had crossed it, but no woman had ever tried.
8. Gino read the account of the flight, and he was amazed.
9. The engine stopped once, and it was slow to restart.
10. The plane glided lower, and it almost crashed.
11. When Harriet finally saw land, she was thrilled.
12. Gino appreciated Harriet’s feat, and he knew the hazards.
13. In 1912 airplanes were light, but they were dangerous.
14. Linen or canvas covered the frame, and they often tore.
15. Because pilots wore no safety belts, they could fall out.
16. A flight was risky, but it was an amazing adventure.
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Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 274–276.)
Skill: Students will identify the antecedents for pronouns.
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6. It was to cross the English Channel in an airplane.
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Writing with Pronouns
• When you write with pronouns, be clear about whom or what they refer to.
Replace confusing pronouns with a noun or noun phrase.
Confusing
Clear
Pedro joined Luis at Carlo’s home. It was the first time they met.
Pedro joined Luis at Carlo’s home. It was the first time Pedro and
Carlo met.
Writing Clearly with Pronouns Rewrite the sentences. Replace any unclear
pronouns with clearer nouns or noun phrases.
Example: The class trip to San Francisco was an adventure. It was unforgettable.
The class trip to San Francisco was an adventure. The city was unforgettable.
1. Ms. Clayton and Mrs. Colon made sure it was fun for the class. They were excited
about seeing the Golden Gate Bridge.
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2. When the buses reached Golden Gate Park, they took out their cameras.
3. She led one group to the DeYoung Museum, while Ms. Clayton went to Chinatown.
4. Chinatown intrigued them, although she had been there before.
5. They had a great trip and thanked them for taking them.
(continued)
Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 277–278.)
Skill: Students will replace unclear pronouns with nouns or noun phrases.
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Writing with Pronouns (continued from page 69)
• Pronoun overload can lead to boring or confusing writing. Avoid repeating
the same pronoun in a sentence or paragraph. Replace some of the
pronouns with nouns or noun phrases.
Droning pronouns
Mix of nouns and
pronouns
The students found sponsors for their drama club. They
put out fliers announcing their first two productions.
They are rehearsing them now.
The students found sponsors for their drama club. The
students put out fliers announcing the group’s first two
productions. The actors are rehearsing the plays now.
Avoiding Pronoun Overload Rewrite the following sentences. Make the writing
clearer and livelier by replacing repeated pronouns with nouns or noun phrases.
Example: It will perform The Crucible. It is exciting and famous.
The drama club will perform The Crucible. The play is exciting and famous.
7. It had been rehearsed for a month. The group said they were ready to go on.
8. Ticket sales are strong at local clubs and charities. They need more of them.
9. Although it opens soon, they still need to work on it.
10. When it finally opens, they will love it.
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RETEACHING WORKBOOK
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Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 277–278.)
Skill: Students will replace unclear pronouns with nouns or noun phrases.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
6. They were nervous about learning their parts. They memorized them all day.
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Subject and Object Pronouns
• Use a subject pronoun to replace a noun used as a subject.
• Use an object pronoun to replace a noun used as a direct
object or after words such as to, in, for, and at.
Mrs. Peters and Tim visited Sweden.
They visited Sweden.
Sweden fascinated the mother and son.
Sweden fascinated them.
Tim showed pictures to the class.
Tim showed pictures to us.
Rewrite each sentence, using the correct pronoun in parentheses.
Example: Tim’s knowledge amazed (I, me).
Tim’s knowledge amazed me.
1. (I, Me) looked at the photograph of Tim’s mother.
2. (She, Her) was standing in front of a castle in Sweden.
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3. (We, Us) asked Tim questions about the castle.
4. Today castles seem like unusual homes to (we, us).
5. Many families lived in (they, them) at the same time.
6. Tim’s Swedish guide led (he, him) through the castle.
7. (He, Him) explained the purpose of having moats around castles.
8. (They, Them) provided protection against intruders.
Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 279–281.)
Skill: Students will choose subject and object pronouns to complete
sentences.
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Possessive Pronouns
• Use a possessive pronoun to show ownership.
• Some possessive pronouns come before nouns,
and some stand alone.
• Never use an apostrophe in a possessive pronoun.
Before nouns
Stand alone
Our team is best.
Their trophy is the largest.
The best team is ours.
The largest trophy is theirs.
Rewrite each sentence, using the correct word in parentheses.
Example: (Our, Ours) school just won a championship.
Our school just won a championship.
1. The spelling trophy is (our, ours)!
2. (My, Mine) brother said that his class received a blue ribbon.
4. Ms. Lang is proud of (her, hers) team.
5. Some of the youngest spellers were (her, hers).
6. The team to watch is (their, theirs).
7. (Its, It’s) future looks bright.
8. Do you think (your, you’re) team will be able to beat them?
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RETEACHING WORKBOOK
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Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 282–284.)
Skill: Students will choose possessive pronouns to complete sentences.
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3. (Their, They’re) spelling team is one of the best in the city.
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Pronouns After Linking Verbs
• Use a subject pronoun after a linking verb.
It was he who was the last on the bus.
The people in charge of the tickets were she and I.
Rewrite each sentence, using the correct pronoun in parentheses.
Example: It was (them, they) who suggested the trip.
It was they who suggested the trip.
1. The first people on the bus were (we, us).
2. It was (me, I) who had wanted to tour Denver.
3. Sol said that our guide was (he, him).
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4. Sila said that the most interested tourists were (she, her) and (me, I).
5. It was (us, we) who went with Mai Li and Ping.
6. The people who wanted to see Red Rocks Theatre were (they, them).
7. The bravest climbers at Red Rocks were (her, she) and (he, him).
8. It was (I, me), however, who was the most tired at the end of the tour.
Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 285–286.)
Skill: Students will use subject pronouns after linking verbs.
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Pronouns in Compounds
• Use a subject pronoun in a compound subject.
• Use an object pronoun in a compound object.
• When you include yourself in a compound subject or
compound object, mention yourself last.
Compound
subject
Compound
object
Murray and I like to watch animals.
My parents took him and me on a
nature hike.
The hike was interesting to them,
him, and me.
Rewrite each sentence, using the correct pronoun
in parentheses.
Example: Murray and (I, me) formed a wildlife club.
Murray and I formed a wildlife club.
1. The Jackson twins helped (he, him) and (I, me).
3. Soon our parents and (we, us) began to build.
4. Dad, my friends, and (I, me) took some pictures of the clubhouse.
5. Dad laughed when he showed the photos to Mom and (we, us).
6. Two raccoons stared at (she, her), (he, him), and (we, us) from the clubhouse door.
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Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 287–289.)
Skill: Students will choose pronouns to complete compound subjects
and compound objects.
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2. (They, Them) and (I, me) designed the clubhouse.
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Using who, whom, whose
• Use the pronoun who as a subject.
• Use the pronoun whom as a direct object.
• Use the possessive pronoun whose to show ownership.
• Do not confuse whose and who’s.
Who would like to try this quiz?
Whom shall I ask to join us?
Whose questions are these?
Who’s the first contestant?
Rewrite each sentence, using the correct pronoun in parentheses.
Example: (Who, Whom) invented the zipper?
Who invented the zipper?
1. (Whose, Who’s) invention was the elevator?
2. (Who, Whom) said that the answer is Elisha Otis?
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3. (Who, Whom) can we thank for the invention of the vacuum cleaner?
4. (Whose, Who’s) answer was Melville Bissell?
5. (Who, Whom) invented a machine that makes paper bags?
6. (Whose, Who’s) guess was Margaret Knight?
7. (Who, Whom) do we credit with the invention of the alarm clock?
8. (Who, Whom) guessed that the inventor was Jean Houdin?
Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 290–292.)
Skill: Students will use who, whom, and whose correctly.
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Writing with Pronouns
Avoid repeating the same nouns in your writing. When two sentences have
the same subject, combine the sentences by replacing one subject with a pronoun.
• Be sure to provide the pronoun with a clear antecedent.
• When the combined sentence begins with a conjunction, use a comma
to separate the two parts.
Related sentences
Combined sentence
Adults enjoy station WXYZ. Adults like the music
and programs.
Because adults like the music and programs, they enjoy
station WXYZ.
Combining Sentences with Pronouns Combine each pair of sentences, replacing
one sentence’s subject with a pronoun. Connect the sentences with the subordinating
conjunction in parentheses.
Example: WXYZ interviewed its listeners. WXYZ changed to a new format. (after)
After WXYZ interviewed its listeners, it changed to a new format.
2. Listeners enjoy WXYZ’s programs. Listeners don’t change the dial. (because)
3. The news is reported as it happens. The news attracts listeners. (when)
4. The disc jockeys start their music. The disc jockeys give the traffic report. (before)
5. You ask for new tunes. New tunes will be added every hour. (if)
6. A major accident occurs. The music is interrupted. (if)
(continued)
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RETEACHING WORKBOOK
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Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 293–294.)
Skill: Students will use pronouns correctly when combining sentences.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
1. The music is a mix of old and new. Listeners select the music. (since)
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Writing with Pronouns (continued from page 76)
A pronoun can replace a name as well as a noun. Combine sentences by using
who, whom, and whose in place of a repeated name or noun. Remember:
• Who is the subject of a verb.
• Whom is the object of a verb.
• Whose is the possessive form of who.
Two sentences
Combined sentence
I visited WXYZ with Sam. Sam is an
engineer at the station.
I visited WXYZ with Sam, who is an
engineer at the station.
Combining Sentences with Who, Whom, and Whose Combine each pair of
sentences, using the pronoun in parentheses.
Example: I always enjoy talking with Sam. Sam’s stories are amazing. (whose)
I always enjoy talking with Sam, whose stories are amazing.
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7. My favorite disc jockey is Chuck Bono. Chuck does the morning show. (who)
8. I got to meet Maria Sanchez. Ms. Sanchez’s show was just beginning. (whose)
9. Maria takes calls from listeners. Listeners’ opinions are important to her. (whose)
10. Her brother Dante is a reporter. Dante writes news stories for the station. (who)
11. Dante likes to interview people. He meets people on the street. (whom)
12. He interviewed a drummer. The drummer was playing on a street corner. (who)
Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 293–294.)
Skill: Students will use pronouns correctly when combining sentences.
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Using we and us with Nouns
• Use the subject pronoun we with nouns that are
subjects of sentences or that follow linking verbs.
• Use the object pronoun us with nouns used as direct
objects or after words such as to, in, for and at.
With a subject
We campers enjoy new places.
After a linking verb
The campers were we sixth-graders.
With a direct object
Wyoming impressed us students.
After words like to and in
A tour was given to us campers.
Rewrite each sentence, using the correct pronoun in parentheses.
Example: (We, Us) students took a trip to the Rocky Mountains.
We students took a trip to the Rocky Mountains.
1. (We, Us) tourists traveled to Yellowstone National Park.
2. The ranger showed (we, us) travelers Old Faithful.
4. The most excited visitors were (we, us) sixth-graders.
5. Later our guide took (we, us) sightseers to see the bison.
6. A trail led (we, us) hikers through evergreen forests.
7. Loud applause was given for (we, us) slow hikers when we got back.
8. However, our pictures will remind (we, us) students of a great trip!
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RETEACHING WORKBOOK
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Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 295–296.)
Skill: Students will use we and us correctly with nouns.
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3. An experienced hiker was kind to (we, us) students on the trail.
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Indefinite Pronouns
• An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun without a
definite antecedent.
• Indefinite pronouns can be singular or plural.
• A singular indefinite pronoun takes a singular verb.
A plural indefinite pronoun takes a plural verb.
Singular
Plural
Everybody wants gerbils as pets.
Do some want other pets too?
Write the verb in parentheses that correctly completes each sentence.
The indefinite pronoun is underlined to help you.
Example: Someone
1.
2. Somebody
3. Others
4. Each
5. Few
6. Many
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7. All
8. Some
9.
10. Oh, no! Everyone
11. Nobody
12. Everybody
13. Several
14. Nothing
15. Finally, someone
16. Both
gives
the school gerbils every year. (gives, give)
anybody know about gerbils? (Does, Do)
that they come from Mongolia. (says, say)
from North Africa. (comes, come)
narrow front teeth. (has, have)
as lazy as ours! (is, are)
sunflower seeds. (likes, like)
excellent hearing. (has, have)
not like water. (does, do)
anyone fed the gerbils today? (Has, Have)
at the open cage door. (looks, look)
calm. (remains, remain)
for the two missing gerbils. (searches, search)
the hallway. (checks, check)
in the classroom or the hallway. (appears, appear)
inside the cage. (peeks, peek)
soundly under the wood chips. (sleeps, sleep)
Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book pages 297–299.)
Skill: Students will choose verbs to agree with indefinite pronouns.
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Using Homophones Correctly
Homophones are words that have the same pronunciation
but different spellings and meanings.
kernel
colonel
There’s a colonel of truth in what the kernel says.
Fill in the blank with the correct word in parentheses. Rewrite the sentences, using
the definitions in the word box to help.
Example: Peace will
over the kingdom. (rein, reign)
Peace will reign over the kingdom.
1. Kelly won a
words of praise
an award
animal like a clam
what completes
to interfere
a body tissue
for yesterday’s performance. (medal, meddle)
2. Winning was a perfect
to her day. (compliment, complement)
3. The medal was an amulet shaped like a
. (muscle, mussel)
4. It made me curious, but I didn’t want to
. (medal, meddle)
5. So I gave her a
on her award. (compliment, complement)
6. She said she was happy, but her leg
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complement
meddle
muscle
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felt sore. (muscle, mussel)
Grade 6: Unit 6 Pronouns (Use with pupil book page 300.)
Skill: Students will use homophones correctly.
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compliment
medal
mussel