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AP Chemistry Name ____________________________ Atomic Structure and Electrons Review Questions 1-4 refer to atoms for which the occupied atomic orbitals are shown below: 1. Represents an atom that is chemically unreactive 2. Represents an atom in an excited state 3. Represents an atom that has four valence electrons. 4. Represents an atom of a transition metal. 5. The most abundant isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen are 11H ,12H ,168O,178O, respectively. Using these isotopes only, what is the number of different possible values for the molar mass of water? (A) 2 6. (C) 4 (D) 6 (E) 8 Which pair of atoms represents nuclei that have the same number of neutrons? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 7. (B) 3 56 Co and 58Co Mn and 57Fe 58 Ni and 57Fe 58 Ni and 57Co 59 Ni and 56Co 57 Which oxides of manganese, Mn, have percent mass of manganese that is greater than 50%? I. MnO II. MnO2 III. Mn2O3 (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) II only III only I and III only II and III only I, II and III h = 6.63 × 10-34 J•s c = 3.00 × 108 m/s RH = 2.18 × 10-18J 8. The emission spectrum of gold shows a line of wavelength 2.676 x 10-7 m. How much energy is emitted during this transition? (A) 7.43 x 10-19 J (B) 5.30 x 10-20 J (C) 6.05 x 10-19 J (D) 3.60 x 10-20 J (E) 5.16 x 10-20 J 9. Which of the responses contains all the statements that are consistent with the Bohr theory of the atom (and no others)? (I) Only orbits of specific radii, corresponding to certain definite energies, are permitted for electrons in an atom. (II) An electron in a permitted orbit has a specific energy and is an "allowed" energy state. (III) Energy is only emitted or absorbed by an electron as it moves from one allowed energy state to another. (A) I,II,III (B) I only (C) III only (D) I and II (E) II and III 10. The Heisenberg Principle states that _____________. (A) no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers. (B) two atoms of the same element must have the same number of protons. (C) it is impossible to determine accurately both the position and momentum of an electron simultaneously. (D) electrons of atoms in their ground states enter energetically equivalent sets of orbitals singly before they pair up in any orbital of the set. (E) charged atoms (ions) must generate a magnetic field when they are in motion. 11. Which atomic orbital is spherical in shape? (A) 2s (B) 3p (C) 3d (D) 4f (E) they are all spherical 12. 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p3 Atoms of an element, X, have the electronic configuration shown above. The compound most likely formed with magnesium, Mg, is… (A) MgX (B) Mg2X (C) MgX2 (D) MgX3 (E) Mg3X2 13. In which of the following groups are the three species isoelectronic, i.e. have the same number of… electrons? (A)S2-,K+,Ca2+ (B)Sc,Ti,V2+ (C)O2-,S2-,Cl(D)Mg2+,Ca2+,Sr2+ (E)Cs, Ba2+, La3+ 14. Fill in the table below. Symbol 79 34 15. Atomic number Mass number number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons Se 2 Ernest Rutherford bombarded alpha particles at gold foil. His experiments lead him to conclude two things about the nature of the atom. Fill in the chart below. Conclusion about the Atom Experimental Evidence Supporting the Conclusion Atoms are mostly empty space Some of the alpha particles were deflected at a variety of angles 16. Write the formula for the following: 17. a. magnesium perchlorate _______________________ b. aluminum nitrite _______________________ c. iron(III) sulfite _______________________ d. dinitrogen trioxide _______________________ Name the following compounds: a. BaCr2O7 _____________________________ b. KMnO4 _____________________________ c. CCl4 _____________________________ c. NH4NO3 _____________________________