Download Section 3- The Army and Expansion The Roman Army (p.284

Section 3- The Army and Expansion
The Roman Army (p.284-285)
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
Organization and training brought Rome’s army military success.
Roman Armor (p.286-287)
2. Fill in the blanks: Along with his armor, shield and weapons, which combined weighed
some 50 pounds, a soldier had to carry food, tools, and personal belongings that could double
the weight. Based on what you see on this page, what might have been some challenges that
Roman soldiers encountered on and off the battle field? Complicated and heavy
Helmet was made of iron so it was probably uncomfortable and hard to
move and see.
It was difficult to travel long distances with so much weight they had to
carry.
Hannibal and the Punic Wars (p. 288-289)
3. What is the main idea of this passage?
Rome and Carthage fought the Punic Wars for control of the
Mediterranean Sea.
4. What events led Rome to fight two wars with Carthage?
The events included an argument over possession of the island of Sicily
and an attack by Hannibal on one of Rome’s allies.
5. Why was Hannibal’s trek through the Alps such an astonishing accomplishment?
It was astonishing because he accomplished it in a cold winter with a
large amount of men and elephants.
Searching for Hannibal’s Route (p.290-291)
6. What is the main idea of this passage?
Geoarchaeologist Patrick Hunt is rediscovering the route of Hannibal’s
army.
7. Why is it important to historians to determine Hannibal’s route through the Alps?
Determining where Hannibal crossed through the Alps would help
historians understand how Hannibal completed a journey considered to
be impossible during the winter, and shed new light on this famous
general’s knowledge of geography and impressive military tactics.
Biggest challenge – weather and difficult terrain
Rome Expands (p. 292-293)
8. What is the main idea of this passage?
Between 264 and 146 BC Rome’s armies conquered a vast amount of
land stretching from the Iberian Peninsula to Greece.
9. By reading the map, how did the defeat of Philip of Macedonia help Rome dominate the
Mediterranean?
Section 4- The End of the Republic
The Republic in Crisis (p.294-295)
10. What is the main idea of this passage?
The Roman Republic collapsed into civil war following a series of major
events.
Problem that resulted by Roman Republic’s expansion after the Punic
Wars – poverty and unemployment
11. List the six factors that weakened the Republic of Rome. Events that led Rome to fight wars
with Carthage
1. Greed of the rich
2. Inequality between rich and poor
3. Failed reforms
4. Ambitious generals and powerful armies
5. Soldier’s shifting loyalty to their general
6. Civil war
Biography: Gaius Caesar (p.296-297)
12. What were Caesar’s major successes?
Caesar’s major successes include conquering Gaul, beating Pompey in
civil war, and introducing popular reforms.
70 BC Senate gave Julius Caesar power
Popular with people but hated by senate
13. What were his major failures?
His major failures included angering the Senate, not restoring the
republic, and getting assassinated.
14. Why was Caesar assassinated, and what happened after he was killed?
He was assassinated because the Senate hated the reforms he introduced
as dictator. After he was killed, civil war broke out.
The Assassination of Julius Caesar DBQ (p. 298-299)
15. Document 1: What did Roman leaders want people to remember about Caesar when they
saw the commemorative coins?
Roman leaders wanted people to remember the fate of Julius Caesar
when they saw the commemorative coin.
16. Document 3: According to Mark Antony, why was Caesar assassinated?
According to Mark Antony, Caesar was assassinated because of his
ambition.
The Ides of March (p.300-301)
17. Why do we hear, “Beware the Ides of March” every March 15th?
It is considered a lucky day because Caesar was assassinated that day.
(Compare to Friday 13th, lucky numbers, unlucky numbers, etc.)
Murdered by a group of senators