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Viral hemorrhagic fever Dr. Fares Agents • • • • Distinct viruses Causes HF syndrome All are SS RNA viruses with Lipid envelope Families: I. II. III. IV. Filoviridae Flaviviridae Arenaviridae Bunyaviridae Filoviridae Ebola Marburg virus Flaviviridae Yellow fever Dengue fever Arenaviridae Lassa fever Bunyaviridae Hanta virus Rift valley fever Dx • PCR • ELISA • Viral culture Clinical syndrome • • • • • • • Infectious does : 1-10 viruses (highly pathogenic) Systemic illness + fever Capillary dysfunction Prostration Shock CNS Dysfunction Bleeding: low platelets, endothelial dysfunction -hemorrhagic rash, epitasis, hemoptysis Ebola • • • • • • • • • • Discovered in 1976 IP: 2-21 days -N, V, abdominal pain -Fever, Weakness -Organ failure + bleeding Death in 60-90% of patients Highly infectious Modes of transmission: -Person to person contact with blood or body primates No specific treatment, supportive care only Major outbreak in west Africa By end of Oct. 2014: 10,000 cases; half of them died Reservoir: primates, bats Vaccine: under development fluids, contact with Yellow fever • Endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and South America • Transmission by mosquito • Mild (most common) –Severe (hepatitis, bleeding, renal failure, shock, and death) • Mortality: 5-20% • Vaccine: the only one of the HF to have a vaccine -live vaccine -used with people traveling to endemic areas Thank you