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RENAISSANCE REVIEW
The test may include but is not limited to the following:
Road to Renaissance
Renaissance Art and Literature
Comparing Renaissance, Classical, Medieval Art
The Renaissance Begins
The Renaissance Begins in Italy
Where?When?Why?
Main Themes:
· Rebirth of Classical Learning- The rediscovery and reevaluation of writings of the
ancient Greeks and Romans suggested a "rebirth."
· Humanism- The philosophical backbone of the Renaissance, emphasizing the
potential for individual achievement and insisting that humans were rational beings
capable of truth and goodness. In keeping with the principles of humanism,
Renaissance scholars celebrated the works of the ancient Greeks and Romans for their
own sake, rather than for their relevance to Church doctrine. Northern Humanism was
generally secular, where as Italian Humanism was more religious.
o Secularism- The new outlook of the Renaissance which suggested that religion shouldn't
interfere with living life to its fullest.
o Individualism- This idea stressed personality, uniqueness, genius, and full development
of one's capabilities and talents. People learned to accept who they were and express their
strengths.
· Leonardo da Vinci - The painter of the Mona Lisa during the Renaissance who also
excelled in other fields like biology and sculpting.
· Donatello - A great sculptor during the Renaissance who studied under both
Ghiberti and Brunelleschi, and sculpted the statue of David.
· Michelangelo - One of greatest artists of the High Renaissance who carved the
Pieta and painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
· Raphael - A painter during the Renaissance who decorated much of the Vatican
and painted the School of Athens.
· Giovanni Boccaccio - A Florentine writer in the early Renaissance who was most
noted for writing the Decameron.
· Niccolo Machiavelli - A famous writer during the Renaissance whose most wellknow
guidebook, The Prince, argued that it is better for a ruler to be feared than loved.
· Cosimo de Medici - The figure head of the Medici banking family who gained
complete power in Florence and ruled until the end of the Renaissance.
· Francesco Petrarch - Referred to as the founder of humanism who explored modern
life in the lens of ancient Romans and Greeks.
·
Northern Humanism (Christian Humanism) vs. Italian Humanism
· Christian Humanism occurred North of ltaly, while Italian Humanism occurred in
Italy during the Italian Renaissance. In Italy, Italian Humanism was marked by
secularism and classicism. In Northern Humanism, the focus centered more on religion
than classicism.
While both entertained the notion of human-centered philosophy, humanism in Italy was
much more widespread. Italian humanists were able to create humanist schools and
academies, while Northern Humanists could not get jobs as scholars. This can be
attributed to the fact that Northern Humanism centered on reconciliation of classical
texts with Christian theology, simply to find that Christian theology had been made
complicated by the Catholic Church.
Italian Art vs. Northern Art
· Both art forms during the time of the Renaissance focused on humans. Italian art,
however, specifically centered on human anatomy and human form. In addition, an
important trend in Italian art was the working out of mathematical processes and the
perspective of space. Northern art mainly focused on the human body, and was more
detailed than Italian art. Northern art was also considerably smaller than Italian art,
which was typically big art.
Renaissance Art and Literature
Humanism
Francesco Petrarch
Renaissance Writers
Renaissance Artists
Vernacular
The Renaissance Moves
North
Renaissance Thought and
Literature Spreads
Erasmus
Sir Thomas More
Dante
Machiavelli
Shakespeare
Art of the Northern Renaissance
Albrecht Durer