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Active Lecture Questions for
BIOLOGY, Eighth Edition
Neil Campbell & Jane Reece
Chapter 5
The Structure and Function of
Large Biological Molecules
Questions prepared by
Jung Choi,
Georgia Institute of Technology
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Diversity among Biological Macromolecules
Which type of biological polymer has the least
diversity in physicochemical properties?
a) polysaccharides
b) polypeptides
c) DNA
d) RNA
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
RNA and DNA
How does RNA differ from DNA?
a) DNA encodes hereditary information; RNA does not.
b) DNA forms duplexes; RNA does not.
c) DNA contains thymine; RNA contains uracil.
d) all of the above
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Lipids
Compared to tropical fish, arctic fish oils have
a) more unsaturated fatty acids.
b) more cholesterol.
c) less unsaturated fatty acids.
d) more trans-unsaturated fatty acids.
e) more hydrogenated fatty acids.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Archaeal Membrane Lipids
Archaea have different phospholipids in their
membranes from either Bacteria or Eukarya, as shown
in this figure. The Archaeal phospholipids
a) suggest that Archaea are
of extraterrestrial origin.
b) likely arose from adaptation
to extreme environments
by an ancestral Archaeal
cell.
c) indicate that Archaea are
more primitive than
Bacteria and Eukarya.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Subunits
If actively growing cells are fed 14C-labeled
glucose, what macromolecules will become
radioactive first?
a) proteins
b) starch
c) nucleic acids
d) fatty acids
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Subunits and Metabolic Labeling
If you want to selectively label nucleic acids being
synthesized by cells, what radioactive compound
would you add to the medium?
a)
35S-labeled
sulfate
b)
32P-labeled
phosphate
c)
14C-labeled
leucine
d) 3H-labeled thymidine
e)
14C-labeled
guanine
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Lipids
All lipids
a) are made from glycerol and fatty acids.
b) contain nitrogen.
c) have low energy content.
d) are acidic when mixed with water.
e) do not dissolve well in water.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Protein Structure and Amino Acids
Sickle cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the betahemoglobin gene that changes a charged amino acid,
glutamic acid, to valine, a hydrophobic amino acid.
Where in the protein would you expect to find
glutamic acid?
a) on the exterior surface of the protein
b) in the interior of the protein, away from water
c) at the active site, binding oxygen
d) at the heme-binding site
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Protein Structure
The sickle cell hemoglobin
mutation alters what level(s)
of protein structure?
a) primary
b) tertiary
c) quarternary
d) all of the above
e) primary and tertiary
structures only
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Macromolecular Structures and Bonds
Ceviche is prepared by marinating fresh raw fish in
citrus juice for several hours, until the flesh
becomes opaque and firm, as if cooked. How does
citrus juice render the seafood safe to eat?
a) Acidic pH denatures (unfolds and inactivates)
proteins by disrupting their hydrogen bonds.
b) Citrus juice denatures proteins by disrupting their
ionic bonds.
c) Citrus juice contains enzymes that hydrolyze peptide
bonds to break apart proteins.
d) Citrus juice dissolves cell membranes by disrupting
hydrophobic interactions.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.