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Ancient Rome Vocabulary 1.Appian Way: The ____ was the most famous Roman road. Extending south from Rome to Brindisi, it helped the Romans move troops and supplies quickly. 2.Aqueducts: Roman ____ were used to carry water from the countryside into the cities. They had to maintain a gradual slope over long distances. 3.Arches: Roman ___ were used to make strong walls with a minimum amount of materials. 4.Caesar Augustus: ___ was the first Roman Emperor. A nephew of Julius Caesar, he convinced people that he would preserve the power of the old families. In reality, he systematically destroyed them while building his own power. 5.Circus Maximus: The ___ was the Roman outdoor arena in which public games, such as chariot races, were held. 6.Cloaca Maxima: The ___ was the Roman sewer. 7.Colosseum: The Roman ___ was a huge sports arena. Romans would watch gladiators, executions, animal fights, and naval battles. 8.Hannibal: ____ was a general who commanded the Carthaginian army in the second Punic War. He attacked Rome by crossing the Alps on elephants. 9.Julius Caesar: ___ effectively ended the Republic and made himself dictator of Rome. He was murdered by his fellow senators. 10.Legions: Rome organized its soldiers into ______. Each contained five thousand foot soldiers and a group of soldiers on horseback. 11.martyr: A ____ is someone who dies for a cause. 12.Numerals: Roman ___ are still widely used today. 13.Pantheon: The ____ was the Roman temple to "all gods." It also served as an architectural model for later domes. 14.Patricians: The ____ were the the wealthy, land-owning class in Roman society. 15.Pax Romana: The ____ was a period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180. 16.Plebians: The ___ were members of the lower class of Ancient Rome. This included farmers, merchants, artisans and traders. 17.Punic Wars: The ____ were a series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-146 B.C.). They resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome's dominance over the western Mediterranean. 18.Republic: When the Latins first ousted the Etruscans, they set up a _____ or representative government. 19.Romance Languages: _____ are the five modern languages that have evolved from Roman Latin; French, Romanian, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish. 20.Roman Concrete: Using ____, the Romans to able to build massive structures. Even under water, it held its integrity. 21.Roman Forum: The _____, or marketplace, was the centralized area around which ancient Rome developed as a city. Key government and public buildings were once located there. 22.Roman Republic: The ___ was made up of rich families who were greedy and corrupt. It eventually failed because it could not provide food or land to the common people. 23.Roots: Latin ___ are used in many modern languages, including English. 24.Twelve Tables: The earliest written collection of Roman laws, drawn up by patricians about 450 B.C.