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Bell: ___________ Date: ________________________
Chapter 4 Genes and Gene Technology Test
Use the Punnett Square below to answer the questions that follow. In pea plants, the trait for tallness (T) is
dominant and the trait for being short (t) is recessive.
T
t
T
1
2
t
3
4
___C___ 1. In the Punnett square above, the offspring in square 2 would have the genotype:
A. TT
B. TtT
C. Tt
D. tt
___D___ 2. In the Punnett square above, the offspring in square 4 would have the genotype:
A. TT
B. TtT
C. Tt
D. tt
___C___ 3. In the Punnett square above, the offspring in square 3 would have the genotype:
A. TT
B. TtT
C. Tt
D. tt
___A___ 4. In the Punnett square above, the offspring in square 1 would have the genotype:
A. TT
B. TtT
C. Tt
D. tt
___D___ 5. Offspring from which of the following squares would be tall.
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. all of the above
__D____ 6. Offspring from which of the following squares would be short.
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
__D____ 7. A gene is…
A. a set of instructions for each trait
C. instructions on how to make a protein
B. a portion of a strand of DNA
D. all of the above
___B___ 8. Fortunately we have certain ________ that repair most mutations that occur in DNA molecules.
A. chromatids
B. enzymes
C. chromosomes
D. lysosomes
___B___ 9. How many chromosomes are present in a normal human sex cell?
A. 22
B. 23
C. 46
D. 92
___A___ 10. Genes are found on …
A. chromosomes
B. alleles
C. proteins
___B___ 11. The picture to the right is the basic structure of
A. pedigree
B. DNA
C. mutagen
D. ribosome
___C___ 12. A single gene …
A. affects only one trait.
C. may affect more than one trait.
D. anthers
…
B. always affects multiple traits.
D. has no effect on organisms carrying the gene.
___B___ 13. An original base sequence of DNA, AAACCCGGG, changes to AAACACCGGG. This
mutation is known as ….
A. deletion
B. insertion
C. substitution
D. omission
___C___ 14. The passing of traits from parents to offspring is ….
A. probability
B. recessive
C. heredity
D. meiosis
___B___ 15. Humans produce sex cells through a process called …
A. mitosis
B. meiosis
C. cytokinesis
D. binary fission
___D___ 16. The complementary strand to the DNA sequence TAGTCA would be …
A. ATGAGT
B. GTAGAT
C. GACAGT
D. ATCAGT
___D___ 17. In a DNA strand, the sides of the “ladder” are made of …
A. sugar molecules
B. phosphate molecules
C. nucleotide bases
D. alternating sugar and phosphate molecules
___C___ 18. What materials make up each nucleotide in a DNA molecule?
A. a gene, an allele and a trait
B. chromosomes and genes
C. a sugar, a phosphate and a base
D. an amino acid, a base and a protein
___B___ 19. In DNA, there are four different type of …
A. phosphate groups.
B. bases.
C. sugars.
___D___ 20. DNA …
A. is made up of amino acids.
C. has a structure like a twisted ladder.
B. cannot be repaired if it is mutated.
D. all of the above.
D. None of the above.
___C___ 21. In a DNA molecule, which of the following bases pair together?
A. adenine and cytosine
B. thymine and guanine
C. thymine and adenine
D. cytosine and thymine
___C___ 22. An original base sequence of DNA, AAACCCGGG, changes to AAACACGGG. This
mutation is known as ….
A. deletion
B. insertion
C. substitution
D. omission
___A___ 23. Which of the following could cause sickle cell anemia?
A. a change in the order of the bases in a person’s DNA.
C. a bacterium.
B. a virus.
D. air pollution.
___C___ 24. The complementary strand to the DNA sequence ACCTAGTTG would be …
A. CAAGCTGGT
B. GTTCGACCA
C. TGGATCAAC
D. ACCTAGTTG
___C___ 25. In a DNA strand, the rungs of the “ladder” are made of …
A. sugar molecules
B. phosphate molecules
C. nucleotide bases
D. alternating sugar and phosphate molecules
___A___ 26. The shape of a DNA molecule is …
A. a double helix.
B. a square.
C. a geodesic dome.
D. a pentagon.
___D__ 27. A change in the order of the bases in DNA is called a _______________.
A. mutagen
B. pedigree
C. switch
D. mutation
___B___ 28. A disorder, such as cystic fibrosis, is known as __________ if the child must receive an allele
for the disease from each parent in order to have the disease.
A. dominant
B. recessive
C. big
D. small
___A___ 29. A _____________ is a physical or chemical agent that causes damage to DNA.
A. mutagen
B. pedigree
C. switch
D. mutation
__C____ 30. Watson and Crick …
A. studied the amounts of each base in DNA.
B. took X-ray pictures of DNA.
C. made models to determine DNA structure.
D. discovered that genes were located on chromosomes.
___B___ 31. Which of the following mutations in DNA would involve adding an extra base?
A. deletion
B. insertion
C. substitution
D. all of the above
___C___ 32. Which of the following mutations in DNA would involve changing a base?
A. deletion
B. insertion
C. substitution
D. all of the above
___D___ 33. The following are examples of mutagens.
A. High-energy radiation
B. Ultraviolet radiation
C. Asbestos
D. all of the above
Name all four of the nucleotide bases in DNA. (2 points each)
ADENINE
CYTOSINE
THYMINE
GUANINE
***Bonus: (5 points) What is the name of the animal below?
DOLLY