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Senior Bellwork
Mrs. Cumberland
Noun Possessive
Relationship
Example
1. Possession or
belongingness
John’s hat
Judy’s home
Characterization or
description
A cowboy’s walk
Men’s coat
Origin
Raphael’s paintings
Cary’s novels
Measure ( time, value,
space)
An hour’s wait
A dollar’s worth
A stone’s throw
Subject of act
John’s flight
The judge’s decision
Object of act
Eliot’s critics were many
Indicate the relationship
shown between the
possessive and its
following noun
1.
We missed the other
car by a hair’s
breadth.
2.
A wren’s song
floated through the
window.
Noun Possessive
Relationship
Example
1. Possession or
belongingness
John’s hat
Judy’s home
Characterization or
description
A cowboy’s walk
Men’s coat
Origin
Raphael’s paintings
Cary’s novels
Measure ( time, value,
space)
An hour’s wait
A dollar’s worth
A stone’s throw
Subject of act
John’s flight
The judge’s decision
Object of act
Eliot’s critics were
many
Indicate the relationship
shown between the
possessive and its
following noun
1.
They were playing
children’s games
2.
The police provided
for Richard’s
protection
Noun Possessive
Relationship
Example
1. Possession or
belongingness
John’s hat
Judy’s home
Characterization or
description
A cowboy’s walk
Men’s coat
Origin
Raphael’s paintings
Cary’s novels
Measure ( time, value,
space)
An hour’s wait
A dollar’s worth
A stone’s throw
Subject of act
John’s flight
The judge’s decision
Object of act
Eliot’s critics were
many
Indicate the relationship
shown between the
possessive and its
following noun
1.
The boy’s jump
saved his life
2.
The moon’s beams
were brilliant that
night
Noun Possessive
Relationship
Example
1. Possession or
belongingness
John’s hat
Judy’s home
Characterization or
description
A cowboy’s walk
Men’s coat
Origin
Raphael’s paintings
Cary’s novels
Measure ( time, value,
space)
An hour’s wait
A dollar’s worth
A stone’s throw
Subject of act
John’s flight
The judge’s decision
Object of act
Eliot’s critics were
many
Indicate the relationship
shown between the
possessive and its
following noun
1.
We have about a
month’s wait
2.
A dogs bone broke
Noun Possessive
Relationship
Example
1. Possession or
belongingness
John’s hat
Judy’s home
Characterization or
description
A cowboy’s walk
Men’s coat
Origin
Raphael’s paintings
Cary’s novels
Measure ( time, value,
space)
An hour’s wait
A dollar’s worth
A stone’s throw
Subject of act
John’s flight
The judge’s decision
Object of act
Eliot’s critics were
many
Indicate the relationship
shown between the
possessive and its
following noun
1.
It is funny how he
has a duck’s waddle
2.
The dog’s bark
warned us.
Noun Possessive
Relationship
Example
1. Possession or
belongingness
John’s hat
Judy’s home
Characterization or
description
A cowboy’s walk
Men’s coat
Origin
Raphael’s paintings
Cary’s novels
Measure ( time, value,
space)
An hour’s wait
A dollar’s worth
A stone’s throw
Subject of act
John’s flight
The judge’s decision
Object of act
Eliot’s critics were
many
Indicate the relationship
shown between the
possessive and its
following noun
1.
Shakespeare’s
sonnets inspired us.
2.
Willard’s arrival was
a surprise
Noun Possessive
Relationship
Example
1. Possession or
belongingness
John’s hat
Judy’s home
Characterization or
description
A cowboy’s walk
Men’s coat
Origin
Raphael’s paintings
Cary’s novels
Measure ( time, value,
space)
An hour’s wait
A dollar’s worth
A stone’s throw
Subject of act
John’s flight
The judge’s decision
Object of act
Eliot’s critics were
many
Indicate the relationship
shown between the
possessive and its
following noun
1.
He has never done
a day’s work
2.
She met Manuel’s
father.
Noun Possessive
Relationship
Example
1. Possession or
belongingness
John’s hat
Judy’s home
Characterization or
description
A cowboy’s walk
Men’s coat
Origin
Raphael’s paintings
Cary’s novels
Measure ( time, value,
space)
An hour’s wait
A dollar’s worth
A stone’s throw
Subject of act
John’s flight
The judge’s decision
Object of act
Eliot’s critics were
many
Indicate the relationship
shown between the
possessive and its
following noun
1.
This is my father’s
photograph
2.
He was carrying a
woman’s coat on his
arm
The Verb Paradigm
Forms
Stem
3rd
person
Singular
Present
Participl
e
Past
Tense
Past
Participle
Models
learn
learns
learning
learned
learned
choose
chooses
choosing
chose
chosen
Fill out the verb paradigm for the following:
1. Walk
2. Bite
The Verb Paradigm
Forms
Stem
3rd
person
Singular
Present
Participl
e
Past
Tense
Past
Participle
Models
learn
learns
learning
learned
learned
choose
chooses
choosing
chose
chosen
Fill out the verb paradigm for the following:
1. keep
2. freeze
The Verb Paradigm
Forms
Stem
3rd
person
Singular
Present
Participl
e
Past
Tense
Past
Participle
Models
learn
learns
learning
learned
learned
choose
chooses
choosing
chose
chosen
Fill out the verb paradigm for the following:
1. Set
2. sell
The Verb Paradigm
Forms
Stem
3rd
person
Singular
Present
Participl
e
Past
Tense
Past
Participle
Models
learn
learns
learning
learned
learned
choose
chooses
choosing
chose
chosen
Fill out the verb paradigm for the following:
1. Put
2. Rise
The Verb Paradigm
Forms
Stem
3rd
person
Singular
Present
Participl
e
Past
Tense
Past
Participle
Models
learn
learns
learning
learned
learned
choose
chooses
choosing
chose
chosen
Fill out the verb paradigm for the following:
1. Tease
2. Sleep
Mood in the Verb Phrase
 Indicative: indicated (We will begin now)
 Imperative: command ( Be quiet!)
 Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If…)
Underline the subjunctive form of the verb in these
sentences.
1. If she ( was were ) home, she would answer
the phone.
2. I wish he ( was were) with me now.
Mood in the Verb Phrase
 Indicative: indicated (We will begin now)
 Imperative: command ( Be quiet!)
 Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If…)
Underline the subjunctive form of the verb in these
sentences.
1. God ( save saves) the King.
2. The director asked that Elizabeth ( stands
stand0 in the front row.
Mood in the Verb Phrase
 Indicative: indicated (We will begin now)
 Imperative: command ( Be quiet!)
 Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If…)
Underline the subjunctive form of the verb in these
sentences.
1. It is traditional that the table ( is be) decorated.
2. It is advisable that a lawyer ( writes write) the
contract
Mood in the Verb Phrase
 Indicative: indicated (We will begin now)
 Imperative: command ( Be quiet!)
 Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If…)
Underline the subjunctive form of the verb in these
sentences.
1. The rules required that they ( are be) in uniform
2. If I ( was were) the pilot, I’d avoid that
thunderstorm
Mood in the Verb Phrase
 Indicative: indicated (We will begin now)
 Imperative: command ( Be quiet!)
 Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If…)
Indicate whether the verb represents the indicative,
imperative, or subjunctive mood
1. Tell us what you want now.
2. We spoke to your friend yesterday
Mood in the Verb Phrase
 Indicative: indicated (We will begin now)
 Imperative: command ( Be quiet!)
 Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If… unreal,
situations)
Indicate whether the verb represents the indicative,
imperative, or subjunctive mood
1. Don’t expect me to agree.
2. She insisted that he meet with her.
Mood in the Verb Phrase
 Indicative: indicated (We will begin now)
 Imperative: command ( Be quiet!)
 Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If… unreal,
situations)
Indicate whether the verb represents the indicative,
imperative, or subjunctive mood
1. I don’t know if he is coming.
2. If he were a good student, he could get a
scholarship.
Comparable Paradigm
Here is a list of two-syllable adjectives.
Write the comparative and superlative
forms, er, and est, of those that you
would inflect this way.
Angry
Angrier
1. Healthy
2. Bitter
Angriest
Comparable Paradigm
Here is a list of two-syllable adjectives.
Write the comparative and superlative
forms, er, and est, of those that you
would inflect this way.
Angry
Angrier
1. Common
2. cruel
Angriest
Comparable Paradigm
Here is a list of two-syllable adjectives.
Write the comparative and superlative
forms, er, and est, of those that you
would inflect this way.
Angry
Angrier
Foolish
handsome
Angriest
Identifying Parts of Speech
Identify the part of speech of each
underlined word as it is used in each
quotation below from Mark Twain.
N = noun
Adj- adjective
Conj= conjunction
Pron= Pronoun
Adv= adverb
Inter= interjection
V= verb
Prep= preposition
1. Few things are harder to put up with than the
annoyance of a good example.
2. If you tell the truth, you don’t have to remember
anything.
Identifying Parts of Speech
Identify the part of speech of each
underlined word as it is used in each
quotation below from Mark Twain.
N = noun
Adj- adjective
Conj= conjunction
Pron= Pronoun
Adv= adverb
Inter= interjection
V= verb
Prep= preposition
1. Virtue has never been as respectable as money.
2. Get your facts first, and then you can distort them as
much as you please.
Pronouns
 Pronouns are words that
 Identify the indefinite
pronouns which
express an amount or
refer to an unspecified
person or thing.
take the place of a noun or
another pronoun.
 Sometimes, you will find
pronouns in the same
 1. None of the children
sentence with the word or
wanted the party to end.
words they replace. This
Someone left a glove.
word or group of words that
the pronoun replaces is the  No one really knows our
pronoun’s antecedent.
secret.
 Example:
 Brenda and Zeke both have dogs. She
walks her dog every night, but he
walks his dog in the morning. They
sometimes walk their dogs together on
the weekends.
Interrogative Pronouns: used to begin a question
( What, which, who, whom, whose)
Indefinite Pronouns: refer to people, places, things, often
without specifying which ones. There are many, some are
singular, some plural,
Identify the interrogative pronouns and
indefinite pronouns in each sentence
1. Who was chosen
as our
Homecoming
Queen?
2. Both of the
suggestions are
extremely helpful.
Interrogative Pronouns: used to begin a question
( What, which, who, whom, whose)
Indefinite Pronouns: refer to people, places, things, often
without specifying which ones. There are many, some are
singular, some plural,
Identify the interrogative pronouns and
indefinite pronouns in each sentence
1. Amazingly, Uncle
Burt knew
everyone at the
dinner.
2. The junior prom
committee
accepted one of
our ideas.
Interrogative Pronouns: used to begin a question
( What, which, who, whom, whose)
Indefinite Pronouns: refer to people, places, things, often
without specifying which ones. There are many, some are
singular, some plural,
Identify the interrogative pronouns and
indefinite pronouns in each sentence
1. I found my jacket.
Whose is still in the
closet?
2. My father knows
somebody at the
licensing bureau.
Interrogative Pronouns: used to begin a question
( What, which, who, whom, whose)
Indefinite Pronouns: refer to people, places, things, often
without specifying which ones. There are many, some are
singular, some plural,
Identify the interrogative pronouns and
indefinite pronouns in each sentence
1. Either of their
choices is
acceptable to the
principal.
2. Have you tried
some of these
fabulous desserts?.
Visible and Mental Action
Verbs
Visible Actions
Jump
travel
Build
grow
Jog
deliver
Mental Actions
believe dream
know
think
consider understand
Find the action verb in each sentence and determine it if is
a visible verb or a mental action.
1. I wonder about my future almost every day.
2. The old locomotive pulled into the station
3. Maria purchased a new wallet in the flea market.
Visible and Mental Action
Verbs
Visible Actions
Jump
travel
Build
grow
Jog
deliver
Mental Actions
believe dream
know
think
consider understand
Find the action verb in each sentence and determine it if is
a visible verb or a mental action.
1. After several hours at the beach, we drove home on
the bus.
2. My grandmother remembers her childhood in Ireland.
3. Some people worry almost all the time.
Visible and Mental Action
Verbs
Visible Actions
Jump
travel
Build
grow
Jog
deliver
Mental Actions
believe dream
know
think
consider understand
Find the action verb in each sentence and determine it if is
a visible verb or a mental action.
1. Cut the beef for the stew into small cubes
2. This airline flies to Madrid twice weekly.
3. I considered my choices carefully.
Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
Transitive Verb: if the receiver of the action is named in the sentence.. The
receiver of the action is called the object of the verb. ( Meg unwrapped
her present. [unwrapped what? Present])
Intransitive Verb: if no receiver of the action is named, A sentence with an
intransitive verb will not have an object. (Both witnesses agree [agreed
what
Identify the verb and determine whether the verb is
transitive or intransitive.
1. Firemen pulled the child from the burning car.
2. Both my sisters sing in the church choir.
3. Judy left her jacket in her school locker.
Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
Transitive Verb: if the receiver of the action is named in the sentence.. The
receiver of the action is called the object of the verb. ( Meg unwrapped
her present. [unwrapped what? Present])
Intransitive Verb: if no receiver of the action is named, A sentence with an
intransitive verb will not have an object. (Both witnesses agree [agreed
what
Identify the verb and determine whether the verb is
transitive or intransitive.
1. All the flies burned in the fire.
2. My sister swam in the 100-meter freestyle event,
3. After dinner I enjoy a rich dessert.
Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
Transitive Verb: if the receiver of the action is named in the sentence.. The
receiver of the action is called the object of the verb. ( Meg unwrapped
her present. [unwrapped what? Present])
Intransitive Verb: if no receiver of the action is named, A sentence with an
intransitive verb will not have an object. (Both witnesses agree [agreed
what
Identify the verb and determine whether the verb is
transitive or intransitive.
1. Our quarterback threw a long pass for a touchdown.
2. Much to my surprise, I knew the answer to the problem.
3. Our victorious team raced off the field.
Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
Transitive Verb: if the receiver of the action is named in the sentence.. The
receiver of the action is called the object of the verb. ( Meg unwrapped
her present. [unwrapped what? Present])
Intransitive Verb: if no receiver of the action is named, A sentence with an
intransitive verb will not have an object. (Both witnesses agree [agreed
what
Identify the verb and determine whether the verb is
transitive or intransitive.
1. Father mailed your letter in the city
2. The park concert lasted for almost three hours
3. Carefully explain your decision to the committee.
Linking Verbs: connect a noun or pronoun at or near
the beginning of a sentence with a words at or near the
end. He verb be is the most commonly used linking
verb.
Forms of Be
Other Linking Verbs
Am
Are
Is
Was
Were
been
Appear
Become
Feel
Grow
were being
can be
shall be
have been
should have
Find the
Linking Verbs
in the
Sentences
Below
Look
sound
remain stay
seem
taste
smell
turn
1. Hazelton is an industrial city in Pennsylvania
2. Your fundraising plan sounds excellent
3. The cake in the oven smells delicious.
Linking Verbs: connect a noun or pronoun at or near
the beginning of a sentence with a words at or near the
end. He verb be is the most commonly used linking
verb.
Forms of Be
Other Linking Verbs
Am
Are
Is
Was
Were
been
Appear
Become
Feel
Grow
were being
can be
shall be
have been
should have
Find the
Linking Verbs
in the
Sentences
Below
Look
sound
remain stay
seem
taste
smell
turn
1. Who will be at the airport to greet the candidate?
2. Because of the storm, the speaker may be late.
3. My assistant will be happy to help you.
Helping Verbs
Helping verbs are added before another verb to make a verb phrase. A helping verb can be
one, two or three words. Forms of the verb be are often used as helping verbs. Verb phrases
are sometimes separated by such words as not, often, slowly, and carefully. These are not part
of the helping verb.
Typical Verb Phrases
Verb Phrases Separated
Are growing
He has certainly been helpful
Did open
He will not arrive until later.
:
Recognizing Helping Verbs:
1.
My parents have drive to Ohio several
times.
2. When are you going to the library?
3. Bill must have taken another route to the
hospital.
Selected Helping Verbs
Is
are
was
Has
have
had
Do
does
did
Would
could
should
Shall
will
can
were
may
Adjectives as Modifiers
 An adjective is used to describe a noun or pronoun
Adjective Questions
What Kind? (white fence, unhappy
child)
Which One? (this photo, each one)
How Many? (two snacks, many others)
How Much? (enough time, more pizza)
Find the adjective
and the noun or
pronoun it modifies
in the sentences
below.
1. Laura bought a blue shirt with white lace trimmings.
2. Several athletes complained about the old stadium.
3. The writer, tall and impressive, entered the
auditorium.
Adjectives as Modifiers
 An adjective is used to describe a noun or pronoun
Adjective Questions
What Kind? (white fence, unhappy
child)
Which One? (this photo, each one)
How Many? (two snacks, many others)
How Much? (enough time, more pizza)
Find the adjective
and the noun or
pronoun it modifies
in the sentences
below.
1. Each one in the class will develop an original project.
2. I made three attempts to reach the local
representative.
3. A gracious hostess greeted us at the flower show.
Adjectives as Modifiers
 An adjective is used to describe a noun or pronoun
Adjective Questions
What Kind? (white fence, unhappy
child)
Which One? (this photo, each one)
How Many? (two snacks, many others)
How Much? (enough time, more pizza)
Find the adjective
and the noun or
pronoun it modifies
in the sentences
below.
1. The branches, dry and peeling, showed the effects of the
drought.
2. We packed the fragile glassware in a reinforced container.
3. The investigator hopes to get some answers from the lone
witness.
Helping Verbs
Helping verbs are added before another verb to make a verb phrase. A helping verb can be
one, two or three words. Forms of the verb be are often used as helping verbs. Verb phrases
are sometimes separated by such words as not, often, slowly, and carefully. These are not part
of the helping verb.
Typical Verb Phrases
Verb Phrases Separated
Are growing
He has certainly been helpful
Did open
He will not arrive until later.
:
Recognizing Helping Verbs:
1.
She has been carefully prepared for this
role.
2.
Yes, I did explain my reasons for not
going.
3.
My father is not taking his vacation this
year.
Selected Helping Verbs
Is
are
was
Has
have
had
Do
does
did
Would
could
should
Shall
will
can
were
may