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Senior Bellwork Mrs. Cumberland Noun Possessive Relationship Example 1. Possession or belongingness John’s hat Judy’s home Characterization or description A cowboy’s walk Men’s coat Origin Raphael’s paintings Cary’s novels Measure ( time, value, space) An hour’s wait A dollar’s worth A stone’s throw Subject of act John’s flight The judge’s decision Object of act Eliot’s critics were many Indicate the relationship shown between the possessive and its following noun 1. We missed the other car by a hair’s breadth. 2. A wren’s song floated through the window. Noun Possessive Relationship Example 1. Possession or belongingness John’s hat Judy’s home Characterization or description A cowboy’s walk Men’s coat Origin Raphael’s paintings Cary’s novels Measure ( time, value, space) An hour’s wait A dollar’s worth A stone’s throw Subject of act John’s flight The judge’s decision Object of act Eliot’s critics were many Indicate the relationship shown between the possessive and its following noun 1. They were playing children’s games 2. The police provided for Richard’s protection Noun Possessive Relationship Example 1. Possession or belongingness John’s hat Judy’s home Characterization or description A cowboy’s walk Men’s coat Origin Raphael’s paintings Cary’s novels Measure ( time, value, space) An hour’s wait A dollar’s worth A stone’s throw Subject of act John’s flight The judge’s decision Object of act Eliot’s critics were many Indicate the relationship shown between the possessive and its following noun 1. The boy’s jump saved his life 2. The moon’s beams were brilliant that night Noun Possessive Relationship Example 1. Possession or belongingness John’s hat Judy’s home Characterization or description A cowboy’s walk Men’s coat Origin Raphael’s paintings Cary’s novels Measure ( time, value, space) An hour’s wait A dollar’s worth A stone’s throw Subject of act John’s flight The judge’s decision Object of act Eliot’s critics were many Indicate the relationship shown between the possessive and its following noun 1. We have about a month’s wait 2. A dogs bone broke Noun Possessive Relationship Example 1. Possession or belongingness John’s hat Judy’s home Characterization or description A cowboy’s walk Men’s coat Origin Raphael’s paintings Cary’s novels Measure ( time, value, space) An hour’s wait A dollar’s worth A stone’s throw Subject of act John’s flight The judge’s decision Object of act Eliot’s critics were many Indicate the relationship shown between the possessive and its following noun 1. It is funny how he has a duck’s waddle 2. The dog’s bark warned us. Noun Possessive Relationship Example 1. Possession or belongingness John’s hat Judy’s home Characterization or description A cowboy’s walk Men’s coat Origin Raphael’s paintings Cary’s novels Measure ( time, value, space) An hour’s wait A dollar’s worth A stone’s throw Subject of act John’s flight The judge’s decision Object of act Eliot’s critics were many Indicate the relationship shown between the possessive and its following noun 1. Shakespeare’s sonnets inspired us. 2. Willard’s arrival was a surprise Noun Possessive Relationship Example 1. Possession or belongingness John’s hat Judy’s home Characterization or description A cowboy’s walk Men’s coat Origin Raphael’s paintings Cary’s novels Measure ( time, value, space) An hour’s wait A dollar’s worth A stone’s throw Subject of act John’s flight The judge’s decision Object of act Eliot’s critics were many Indicate the relationship shown between the possessive and its following noun 1. He has never done a day’s work 2. She met Manuel’s father. Noun Possessive Relationship Example 1. Possession or belongingness John’s hat Judy’s home Characterization or description A cowboy’s walk Men’s coat Origin Raphael’s paintings Cary’s novels Measure ( time, value, space) An hour’s wait A dollar’s worth A stone’s throw Subject of act John’s flight The judge’s decision Object of act Eliot’s critics were many Indicate the relationship shown between the possessive and its following noun 1. This is my father’s photograph 2. He was carrying a woman’s coat on his arm The Verb Paradigm Forms Stem 3rd person Singular Present Participl e Past Tense Past Participle Models learn learns learning learned learned choose chooses choosing chose chosen Fill out the verb paradigm for the following: 1. Walk 2. Bite The Verb Paradigm Forms Stem 3rd person Singular Present Participl e Past Tense Past Participle Models learn learns learning learned learned choose chooses choosing chose chosen Fill out the verb paradigm for the following: 1. keep 2. freeze The Verb Paradigm Forms Stem 3rd person Singular Present Participl e Past Tense Past Participle Models learn learns learning learned learned choose chooses choosing chose chosen Fill out the verb paradigm for the following: 1. Set 2. sell The Verb Paradigm Forms Stem 3rd person Singular Present Participl e Past Tense Past Participle Models learn learns learning learned learned choose chooses choosing chose chosen Fill out the verb paradigm for the following: 1. Put 2. Rise The Verb Paradigm Forms Stem 3rd person Singular Present Participl e Past Tense Past Participle Models learn learns learning learned learned choose chooses choosing chose chosen Fill out the verb paradigm for the following: 1. Tease 2. Sleep Mood in the Verb Phrase Indicative: indicated (We will begin now) Imperative: command ( Be quiet!) Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If…) Underline the subjunctive form of the verb in these sentences. 1. If she ( was were ) home, she would answer the phone. 2. I wish he ( was were) with me now. Mood in the Verb Phrase Indicative: indicated (We will begin now) Imperative: command ( Be quiet!) Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If…) Underline the subjunctive form of the verb in these sentences. 1. God ( save saves) the King. 2. The director asked that Elizabeth ( stands stand0 in the front row. Mood in the Verb Phrase Indicative: indicated (We will begin now) Imperative: command ( Be quiet!) Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If…) Underline the subjunctive form of the verb in these sentences. 1. It is traditional that the table ( is be) decorated. 2. It is advisable that a lawyer ( writes write) the contract Mood in the Verb Phrase Indicative: indicated (We will begin now) Imperative: command ( Be quiet!) Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If…) Underline the subjunctive form of the verb in these sentences. 1. The rules required that they ( are be) in uniform 2. If I ( was were) the pilot, I’d avoid that thunderstorm Mood in the Verb Phrase Indicative: indicated (We will begin now) Imperative: command ( Be quiet!) Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If…) Indicate whether the verb represents the indicative, imperative, or subjunctive mood 1. Tell us what you want now. 2. We spoke to your friend yesterday Mood in the Verb Phrase Indicative: indicated (We will begin now) Imperative: command ( Be quiet!) Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If… unreal, situations) Indicate whether the verb represents the indicative, imperative, or subjunctive mood 1. Don’t expect me to agree. 2. She insisted that he meet with her. Mood in the Verb Phrase Indicative: indicated (We will begin now) Imperative: command ( Be quiet!) Subjunctive: wishes about… ( If… unreal, situations) Indicate whether the verb represents the indicative, imperative, or subjunctive mood 1. I don’t know if he is coming. 2. If he were a good student, he could get a scholarship. Comparable Paradigm Here is a list of two-syllable adjectives. Write the comparative and superlative forms, er, and est, of those that you would inflect this way. Angry Angrier 1. Healthy 2. Bitter Angriest Comparable Paradigm Here is a list of two-syllable adjectives. Write the comparative and superlative forms, er, and est, of those that you would inflect this way. Angry Angrier 1. Common 2. cruel Angriest Comparable Paradigm Here is a list of two-syllable adjectives. Write the comparative and superlative forms, er, and est, of those that you would inflect this way. Angry Angrier Foolish handsome Angriest Identifying Parts of Speech Identify the part of speech of each underlined word as it is used in each quotation below from Mark Twain. N = noun Adj- adjective Conj= conjunction Pron= Pronoun Adv= adverb Inter= interjection V= verb Prep= preposition 1. Few things are harder to put up with than the annoyance of a good example. 2. If you tell the truth, you don’t have to remember anything. Identifying Parts of Speech Identify the part of speech of each underlined word as it is used in each quotation below from Mark Twain. N = noun Adj- adjective Conj= conjunction Pron= Pronoun Adv= adverb Inter= interjection V= verb Prep= preposition 1. Virtue has never been as respectable as money. 2. Get your facts first, and then you can distort them as much as you please. Pronouns Pronouns are words that Identify the indefinite pronouns which express an amount or refer to an unspecified person or thing. take the place of a noun or another pronoun. Sometimes, you will find pronouns in the same 1. None of the children sentence with the word or wanted the party to end. words they replace. This Someone left a glove. word or group of words that the pronoun replaces is the No one really knows our pronoun’s antecedent. secret. Example: Brenda and Zeke both have dogs. She walks her dog every night, but he walks his dog in the morning. They sometimes walk their dogs together on the weekends. Interrogative Pronouns: used to begin a question ( What, which, who, whom, whose) Indefinite Pronouns: refer to people, places, things, often without specifying which ones. There are many, some are singular, some plural, Identify the interrogative pronouns and indefinite pronouns in each sentence 1. Who was chosen as our Homecoming Queen? 2. Both of the suggestions are extremely helpful. Interrogative Pronouns: used to begin a question ( What, which, who, whom, whose) Indefinite Pronouns: refer to people, places, things, often without specifying which ones. There are many, some are singular, some plural, Identify the interrogative pronouns and indefinite pronouns in each sentence 1. Amazingly, Uncle Burt knew everyone at the dinner. 2. The junior prom committee accepted one of our ideas. Interrogative Pronouns: used to begin a question ( What, which, who, whom, whose) Indefinite Pronouns: refer to people, places, things, often without specifying which ones. There are many, some are singular, some plural, Identify the interrogative pronouns and indefinite pronouns in each sentence 1. I found my jacket. Whose is still in the closet? 2. My father knows somebody at the licensing bureau. Interrogative Pronouns: used to begin a question ( What, which, who, whom, whose) Indefinite Pronouns: refer to people, places, things, often without specifying which ones. There are many, some are singular, some plural, Identify the interrogative pronouns and indefinite pronouns in each sentence 1. Either of their choices is acceptable to the principal. 2. Have you tried some of these fabulous desserts?. Visible and Mental Action Verbs Visible Actions Jump travel Build grow Jog deliver Mental Actions believe dream know think consider understand Find the action verb in each sentence and determine it if is a visible verb or a mental action. 1. I wonder about my future almost every day. 2. The old locomotive pulled into the station 3. Maria purchased a new wallet in the flea market. Visible and Mental Action Verbs Visible Actions Jump travel Build grow Jog deliver Mental Actions believe dream know think consider understand Find the action verb in each sentence and determine it if is a visible verb or a mental action. 1. After several hours at the beach, we drove home on the bus. 2. My grandmother remembers her childhood in Ireland. 3. Some people worry almost all the time. Visible and Mental Action Verbs Visible Actions Jump travel Build grow Jog deliver Mental Actions believe dream know think consider understand Find the action verb in each sentence and determine it if is a visible verb or a mental action. 1. Cut the beef for the stew into small cubes 2. This airline flies to Madrid twice weekly. 3. I considered my choices carefully. Transitive and Intransitive Verbs Transitive Verb: if the receiver of the action is named in the sentence.. The receiver of the action is called the object of the verb. ( Meg unwrapped her present. [unwrapped what? Present]) Intransitive Verb: if no receiver of the action is named, A sentence with an intransitive verb will not have an object. (Both witnesses agree [agreed what Identify the verb and determine whether the verb is transitive or intransitive. 1. Firemen pulled the child from the burning car. 2. Both my sisters sing in the church choir. 3. Judy left her jacket in her school locker. Transitive and Intransitive Verbs Transitive Verb: if the receiver of the action is named in the sentence.. The receiver of the action is called the object of the verb. ( Meg unwrapped her present. [unwrapped what? Present]) Intransitive Verb: if no receiver of the action is named, A sentence with an intransitive verb will not have an object. (Both witnesses agree [agreed what Identify the verb and determine whether the verb is transitive or intransitive. 1. All the flies burned in the fire. 2. My sister swam in the 100-meter freestyle event, 3. After dinner I enjoy a rich dessert. Transitive and Intransitive Verbs Transitive Verb: if the receiver of the action is named in the sentence.. The receiver of the action is called the object of the verb. ( Meg unwrapped her present. [unwrapped what? Present]) Intransitive Verb: if no receiver of the action is named, A sentence with an intransitive verb will not have an object. (Both witnesses agree [agreed what Identify the verb and determine whether the verb is transitive or intransitive. 1. Our quarterback threw a long pass for a touchdown. 2. Much to my surprise, I knew the answer to the problem. 3. Our victorious team raced off the field. Transitive and Intransitive Verbs Transitive Verb: if the receiver of the action is named in the sentence.. The receiver of the action is called the object of the verb. ( Meg unwrapped her present. [unwrapped what? Present]) Intransitive Verb: if no receiver of the action is named, A sentence with an intransitive verb will not have an object. (Both witnesses agree [agreed what Identify the verb and determine whether the verb is transitive or intransitive. 1. Father mailed your letter in the city 2. The park concert lasted for almost three hours 3. Carefully explain your decision to the committee. Linking Verbs: connect a noun or pronoun at or near the beginning of a sentence with a words at or near the end. He verb be is the most commonly used linking verb. Forms of Be Other Linking Verbs Am Are Is Was Were been Appear Become Feel Grow were being can be shall be have been should have Find the Linking Verbs in the Sentences Below Look sound remain stay seem taste smell turn 1. Hazelton is an industrial city in Pennsylvania 2. Your fundraising plan sounds excellent 3. The cake in the oven smells delicious. Linking Verbs: connect a noun or pronoun at or near the beginning of a sentence with a words at or near the end. He verb be is the most commonly used linking verb. Forms of Be Other Linking Verbs Am Are Is Was Were been Appear Become Feel Grow were being can be shall be have been should have Find the Linking Verbs in the Sentences Below Look sound remain stay seem taste smell turn 1. Who will be at the airport to greet the candidate? 2. Because of the storm, the speaker may be late. 3. My assistant will be happy to help you. Helping Verbs Helping verbs are added before another verb to make a verb phrase. A helping verb can be one, two or three words. Forms of the verb be are often used as helping verbs. Verb phrases are sometimes separated by such words as not, often, slowly, and carefully. These are not part of the helping verb. Typical Verb Phrases Verb Phrases Separated Are growing He has certainly been helpful Did open He will not arrive until later. : Recognizing Helping Verbs: 1. My parents have drive to Ohio several times. 2. When are you going to the library? 3. Bill must have taken another route to the hospital. Selected Helping Verbs Is are was Has have had Do does did Would could should Shall will can were may Adjectives as Modifiers An adjective is used to describe a noun or pronoun Adjective Questions What Kind? (white fence, unhappy child) Which One? (this photo, each one) How Many? (two snacks, many others) How Much? (enough time, more pizza) Find the adjective and the noun or pronoun it modifies in the sentences below. 1. Laura bought a blue shirt with white lace trimmings. 2. Several athletes complained about the old stadium. 3. The writer, tall and impressive, entered the auditorium. Adjectives as Modifiers An adjective is used to describe a noun or pronoun Adjective Questions What Kind? (white fence, unhappy child) Which One? (this photo, each one) How Many? (two snacks, many others) How Much? (enough time, more pizza) Find the adjective and the noun or pronoun it modifies in the sentences below. 1. Each one in the class will develop an original project. 2. I made three attempts to reach the local representative. 3. A gracious hostess greeted us at the flower show. Adjectives as Modifiers An adjective is used to describe a noun or pronoun Adjective Questions What Kind? (white fence, unhappy child) Which One? (this photo, each one) How Many? (two snacks, many others) How Much? (enough time, more pizza) Find the adjective and the noun or pronoun it modifies in the sentences below. 1. The branches, dry and peeling, showed the effects of the drought. 2. We packed the fragile glassware in a reinforced container. 3. The investigator hopes to get some answers from the lone witness. Helping Verbs Helping verbs are added before another verb to make a verb phrase. A helping verb can be one, two or three words. Forms of the verb be are often used as helping verbs. Verb phrases are sometimes separated by such words as not, often, slowly, and carefully. These are not part of the helping verb. Typical Verb Phrases Verb Phrases Separated Are growing He has certainly been helpful Did open He will not arrive until later. : Recognizing Helping Verbs: 1. She has been carefully prepared for this role. 2. Yes, I did explain my reasons for not going. 3. My father is not taking his vacation this year. Selected Helping Verbs Is are was Has have had Do does did Would could should Shall will can were may