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Earthquakes and Tectonics Boundaries General Info 100 100 100 Random 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 Vocab Waves 100 The point on Earth’s surface directly above the earthquakes focus Answer Epicenter Home Energy released in the form of vibrations that travel outward in all directions from the focus through the surrounding rock Answer Seismic Waves Home A primary wave, or compression wave, that causes rock to move in a back and forth motion Answer P Waves Home A giant ocean wave that forms after an earthquake Answer Tsunami Home A region of numerous, closely spaced faults Answer Fault Zone Home A secondary body wave that causes rock to move in a side to side motion Answer S wave Home The location within Earth along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs Answer Focus Home This type of surface wave moves side to side and perpendicular to the direction the waves are traveling Answer Love wave Home This type of surface wave causes the ground to move with an elliptical, rolling motion Answer Raleigh Wave Home The primary, compression wave that moves through solids and liquids Answer P waves . Home Boundary between two plates that are colliding, creating a mountain range Answer Convergent Home Boundary where two plates are dividing, creating a mid-ocean ridge Answer Divergent Home What is created when two oceanic plates collide? Answer An Island Arc Home The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally Answer Transform Boundary Home What type of boundary commonly causes earthquakes? Answer Transform Boundary Home What is the sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its undeformed shape, causing an earthquake? Answer Elastic Rebound Home What can studying seismic waves tell scientists? Answer What the layers of the Earth are made of, and where the shadow zones are located Home What is can be created when an earthquakes epicenter is on the ocean floor? Answer Tsunami Home What is the strength of an earthquake? Answer Magnitude Home What do we call the amount of damage an earthquake does? Answer Intensity Home What are the two body waves we have learned about? Answer Primary and Secondary waves ( P and S waves) Home What instrument creates a Seismogram? Answer Seismograph Home What are the two types of surface waves we learned about? Answer Love and Raleigh Waves Home True or False: The closer a city is to an epicenter, the more likely it is to have substantial damage Answer True Home What are the two scales that measure magnitude? Answer Richter scale and moment magnitude Home