Download Earthquakes

Earthquakes
Quick Write
In this chapter, you will learn about
earthquakes and their causes?
Write down these questions and
answer them in complete sentences.
1. What do you think causes an EQ?
2. EQs occur along what cracks in
Earth?
1. Causes of earthquakes
(EQs)?
•Movements of plates and
the friction of them.
•Magma moving near or in
volcanoes.
2. Fractures?
They form when stress is
placed on rocks.
3. Strain?
When rocks are deformed
due to stress.
4. Fault?
Location where rocks fracture.
They can be a fracture or a
series of fractures.
5. Types of faults?
•Normal = vertical fault
where no overhang is found.
•Reverse = vertical fault
where an overhang is found.
•Strike-slip = horizontal
fault. For example: San
Andreas Fault.
Check for Understanding
Movie
1. Fault
2. Fracture
3. Strain
Matching:
a. location where rock breaks
b. rock deforms due to stress
c. form when stress is put on a rock
1. Normal
2. Reverse
3. Strike-slip
Matching:
a. horizontal/side by side
b. vertical, no overhang
c. vertical with an overhang
6. Seismic waves?
Primary, secondary, surface.
7. Primary wave (P)?
Push-pull
(compressional), they
are the fastest, they
arrive first (primary).
8. Secondary (S) wave?
Rock moves at right
angles to the wave,
slower than primary,
faster than surface.
9. Surface wave?
Wave moves in two
directions (up/down and side
to side), slowest wave, most
destructive wave.
10. Location of seismic waves?
P and S waves are found within
the crust, surface waves are
found on the surface.
11. What is the location
where rock failure (EQs)
happens?
The focus.
12. Location on the
surface directly above
the focus?
The epicenter.
13. EQ diagram?
Draw and label the
diagram to the right.
Movie
Check for Understanding
Matching:
1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Surface
a. move at right angles to wave dir.
b. move up/down and side to side
c. compression waves
The ______ is the actual location where movement
occurs, while the ______ is the location on the
Earth’s surface directly above the movement.
Epicenter/Focus or Focus/Epicenter