Download UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE OUTLINE

GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE
UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE
OUTLINE
1 - THE DECLINE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND
GERMANIC TRIBES (PEOPLES)
 THE CRISIS AND FALL OF ROMAN
EMPIRE
 THE DIVISION OR ROMAN EMPIRE
(THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE AND
THE EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE).
 THE GERMANIC TRIBES
 ACTIVITIES
2 - THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE
 CHARACTERISTICS
 JUSTINIAN
 ACTIVITIES
3 - BYZANTINE CIVILIZATION
 CHARACTERISTICS
 CULTURE AND ART
 ACTIVITIES
4 - THE FRANKISH OR CAROLINGIAN EMPIRE
 THE FRANKS
 CHARLES MARTEL AND THE BATTLE
OF TOURS
 CHARLEMAGNE
ASPECTOS LINGÜÍSTICOS



PRESENT SIMPLE
IMPERATIVE
LOS PASADOS
TO BE
THERE WAS
THERE WERE.
 VERBOS REGULARES/
IRREGULARES EN
PASADO AFIRMATIVA.
 CONTABLES/INCONTABL
ES
 SOME/ ANY


SENTENCE STRESS
LAS CONSONANTES
VOCABULARY




















AT THE BEGINNING
BATTLE AXE
COUNTIES
TO DECLINE
EASTERN EMPIRE
EMPRESS
FALL
FOR A LONG TIME
IMPRESSIVE
KEEP WATCH
MARCHES
MAYOR OF THE
PALACE
ONCE AND FOR ALL
RIOTS
TO SET UP
TO SETTLE DOWN
SUBJECTS
TOPICS
TRIBES
WESTERN EMPIRE
5 – CULTURE OF CAROLINGIANS
 CHARACTERISTICS
 ACTIVITIES
6 - VOCABULARY
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE
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GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE
1 – THE DECLINE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND GERMANIC TRIBES (PEOPLES)
From the 3rd century on, Rome faced a social, political and economical crisis. The Empire was too
large for one person to rule it, so Emperor Diocletian divided it into four parts and worked on other reforms.
These reforms failed to improve the situation of the Roman Empire, and so did Constantine reforms, who
became Emperor in 312.
Another Emperor, Theodosius, trying to overcome the crisis, decided to divide the Empire after his
death and give them to his two sons. In 395, the Roman Empire split into two separate parts:
- The Western Roman Empire, with its capital in
Rome.
- The Eastern Roman Empire, with its capital in
Constantinople.
These two parts of the Empire followed two very
different destinies:
- The Western Roman Empire only survived until
476, when Germanic tribes defeated the last Roman
Emperor.
- The Eastern Roman Empire resisted the invasion
of Germanic tribes and lasted until 1453.
http://go.hrw.com/venus_images/0304MC05.gif
These two dates, 476 (fall of the Western Roman Empire) and 1453 (fall of the Eastern Roman
Empire), mark the beginning and the end of the Medieval Age.
http://www.worldology.com/Europe/images/decline_rome.jpg
There were many different Germanic groups:
Ostrogoths, Lombards, Visigoths, Franks, Vandals, Angles
and Saxons. They came from the forests of northern
Europe in search of warm climates and better land for their
cattle.
http://i285.photobucket.com/albums/ll54/Liffrea66/Visigoth_warrior.jpg
At the beginning they settled
down in the borders of the Roman
Empire but soon they were fighting
to take control of more land. These
tribes occupied different areas after
the fall of the Western Roman
Empire:
- Franks in France.
- Vandals in Northern Africa.
- Visigoths in Spain.
- Ostrogoths and Lombards in Italy.
- Angles and Saxons in Britain.
http://www.usu.edu/markdamen/1320hist&civ/slides/08romfal/romeburning.jpg
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE
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GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE
Activities:

- Answer these questions:
 Which emperor divided the Roman Empire into four parts?...................................................................
 Which emperor divided the Roman Empire into Western Empire and Eastern Empire?.......................
 What was the capital of Western Empire?.............................................................................................
 What was the capital of Eastern Empire?..............................................................................................
- Create a time line and place these historic events and periods in their corresponding places: -Rome faced a
social, political and economical crisis-; -Constantine became Emperor-; -The Roman Empire split into two
separate parts-; -Fall of the Western Roman Empire-; -Fall of the Eastern Roman Empire-; -The Middle Ages-; The Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire)-.
3
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C
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- List the name of seven Germanic tribes and write of the name different areas that they occupied
after the fall of the Western Roman Empire:
2 – THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE
The Eastern Roman Empire had its capital at
Constantinople, a former Greek colony named Byzantium, and it
grew rich and powerful. It was known as Byzantine Empire.
At the beginning the Byzantine Empire followed Roman
traditions, but later it adopted some Greek customs, for example,
Greek replaced Latin as the official language, and emperors were
called “basileus”, the Greek word for king.
The Byzantine Empire reached its peak with Emperor
Justinian in the 6th century. At this time the Empire stretched to
Italy, North of Africa and South of Spain (apart from the former
territories of Greece, Asia Minor and Egypt).
Justinian became Emperor in 527 and ruled until 565. He
was a strong leader and was helped by efficient government
officials and by his wife Theodora, who was very intelligent.
http://www.usu.edu/markdamen/1320hist&civ/slides/05space/justinian.jpg
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE
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GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE
Justinian also organized the laws. After his reforms, laws were easier to understand and his Law
Code had great influence in the rest of Europe. After Justinian died, the Empire began to lose territories and
was conquered by different peoples. Finally it was defeated and dominated by the Turkish once and for all.
http://img15.imageshack.us/img15/7695/byzant01.gif

Activity:
- With the help of the
above map, write in
the map on the right
the territories that
formed the Byzantine
Empire in times of
Justinian. Write out
its capital as well.
http://www.roma-tours.com/
g/byzantine_empire.gif
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GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE
3 – BYZANTINE CIVILIZATION
Byzantine culture was a mix of Roman, Greek
and Christian elements. For a long time Constantinople
was the largest and richest city in Europe. This was in
part because of the geographical situation of the Empire
as a centre of trade between Europe and Asia.
Byzantines were educated and produced
impressive works of art. Constantinople was known for
its churches and palaces. The most important building
was Hagia Sophia, a huge church completed in 537. It
still stands in Istanbul as a museum.
http://www.mlahanas.de/Hellas/Byzanz/Bio/TheodoraI.jpg
Also important and beautiful were Byzantine mosaics, made of bits of coloured glass or stone that
decorated the inside of churches, monasteries and museums.

Activity:
- Look for information about the Nika riots (revolts) or
about the basilica (church) of Hagia Sophia (Holy
Wisdom) and write an original composition about one of
those topics.
............................................................................................
…………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………….............
………………………………………………………….............
………………………………………………………….............
Digital reconstruction of Hagia Sophia how it was in times of Justinian.
http://josephpatterson.files.wordpress.com/2007/07/hagia-sophia.jpg
………………………………………………………….............
…………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………......
…………………………………………………………………..
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE
Hagia
Sophia
nowadays.
content/uploads/Hagia_Sophia.jpg
http://www.turkeyportal.com/wp-
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UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE
4 – THE FRANKISH OR CAROLINGIAN EMPIRE
http://www.islam-watch.org/Assets/Battle-of-Poitiers-Tours-Charles-Martel-Ramadan-month.jpg
One of the Germanic peoples were the Franks. They settled down
in the area of today’s France. Frankish kings often fought between them
and government was in the hands of the nobles.
The most important of these nobles was called “the
mayor of the palace”. One of these mayors was
Charles Martel, who defeated the Muslims coming
from Spain at the Battle of Tours (also known as
Battle of Poitiers) in 732. His men used a type of
battle axe called <<Francisca axe>>. This stopped
Muslim advance into Europe.
http://www.swordsswords.com/images/products/display/Antiqued_Vikings_Francisca
_Axe_1.jpg
Pippin, Charles Martel’s son also became also mayor of the
palace, and in 751 he became king of the Franks. Pippin was succeeded
by his son Charles, who increased the territory of the Frankish kingdom
and became emperor in 800. He founded the Carolingian Empire. Because
of all his conquests he was known as Charlemagne or Charles the Great.
Charlemagne divided the territory into counties and marches (in
the border areas). They were administrative units. To keep the nobles
under control, he had the “missi dominici” (messengers of the lord), who
checked that the rules were followed.
But after Charlemagne’s death his empire did not last. His son
Louis was a weak leader and after he died the kingdom was divided
between his three sons: Charles, Louis and Lothair.
http://www.uncp.edu/home/rwb/charlemagne_coronation.jpg
5 – CULTURE OF CARILINGIANS
Charlemagne was an intelligent person who
studied many subjects. He wanted his people to be
educated. He set up a school in one of the royal
palaces (Palatine Chapel) where the children of
government officials studied. The subjects included
grammar, rhetoric, dialectic and the elements of
geometry, astronomy, and music (seven liberal arts).
http://www.irelandhistory.org/pictures/empire-of-charlemagne.gif
http://employees.oneonta.edu/farberas/arth/Images/109images/Carolingian/Ebbo_Matthew.jpg
http://www.blogarquitectura.com/wp-content/uploads/Capilla-Palatina-Aquisgr%C3%A1n.jpg
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE
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GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE

Activities:
- Look for information about the Frankish tribe and answer these questions:




What was the name of the first king of all Franks in the 6th century?
Name another Germanic tribe that was defeated by that king in the year 507 in France?
What was the name of that battle?
What was the name of the dynasty that was founded by that king?
- Read the questions. Choose the correct answer.





Who was Charles Martel? a) a king b) a mayor of the palace c) Pippin´s son
When did Pippin become into king?: a) 751 b) 800 c) 732
Who become into Emperor in the year 800? a) Charlemagne b) Louis c) Lothair
What was the name of men who keep watched the nobles? a) marches b) missi dominici c) messengers of
the god
What is the name of Charlemagne´s son? a) Lothair b) Charles c) Louis
- Look for information about Charlemagne and answer these questions:






In which year was he born?...................................................................................................................
In which year did he die?.......................................................................................................................
What territories did he conquer?............................................................................................................
With which other tribes did he fight?......................................................................................................
Who what? Pope was Charlemagne crowned by?................................................................................
What was the Carolingian Renaissance?..............................................................................................
- Say if these events, names, and churches belong to the Byzantine Empire or the Frankish (Carolingian) Empire.
 Basileus……………………………………………………………………………..
 Battle of Tours or Poitiers…………………………………………………………
 Eastern Empire...............................................................................................
 Emperor Charlemagne....................................................................................
 Emperor Justinian...........................................................................................
 Empress Theodora………………………………………………………………...
 Francisca Axe…………………………………………………………………........
 Hagia Sophia………………………………………………………………………..
 Missi Dominici………………………………………………………………………
 Nika Riots…………………………………………………………………………... http://media.lonelyplanet.com/lpimg/6331/63311/preview.jpg
 Palatine Chapel............................................................................................... http://hartforth.com/images/CharlemagneCrown.jpg
http://standingandwaiting.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/soli
- What of these photos belong to Byzantine Empire or Frankish Empire?
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE
dus-justinian_ii-christ_b-sb1413.jpg
http://www.kalipedia.com/kalipediamedia/historia/media/20
0707/17/hisuniversal/20070717klphisuni_53.Ees.SCO.png
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UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE
6 – VOCABULARY
English
A
Also adv.
Pronunciation
Spanish
/'ɔ:lsəʊ/
También, además
As well adv.
At the beginning expression de tiempo
B
Battle axe sust. y sust.
Bits sust.
/əz/ /wi:l/
También
Al principio, en el principio
/bɪt/
Hacha de batalla
Trozos, pedazos
Border areas adj. y sust.
C
to Call verb.
/'bɔ:rdər/ /'eriə/
Áreas fronterizas
/kɔ:l/
Llamar
Cattle sust.
/'kætḷ/
Ganado, reses
to Check verb.
Churches sust.
/tʃek/
Controlar, revisar
Iglesias
Conquer verb
to Conquests sust.
/'kɑ:ŋkər/
/'kɑ:ŋkwests/
Conquistar
Conquistas
Counties sust.
/kaʊnti:s/
Condados
Customs sust.
D
Death sust.
/'kʌstəms/
Costumbres
/deθ/
Muerte
Decline sust.
to Defeat verb.
/dɪ'klaɪn/
Declive, decadencia
Derrotar
Destiny sust.
to Divide into verb.
/'destɪni/
/dɪ'vaɪd/ /'ɪntu/
Destino
Dividir en
Dynasty sust.
E
Eastern empire adj. y sust.
/'dɪnəsti/
Dinastía
/'i:stərn / /'empaɪə(r)/
Imperio oriental
Emperor sust.
/'empərər/
Emperador
Empress sust.
Events sust.
/'emprɪs/
Emperatriz
Eventos
/æt/ /ði/ /bɪ'gɪnɪŋ/
/'bætl/ /æks/
/tʃɜ:rtʃis/
/dɪ'fi:t/
/ɪ'vents/
F
to Face verb.
Fall sust.
/feɪs/
to Follow verb.
For a long time adv. expression de tiempo
/'fɑ:ləʊ /
/fɔ:l/
Enfrentarse, encararse
Caída
/fɔ:r / /eɪ/ /'lɔ:ŋ / /taɪm/
Seguir
Por mucho tiempo
Grammar sust.
H
Huge adj.
I
Impressive adj.
/'græmər/
Gramática
/'hju:dʒ/
Enorme, inmenso-a, gigantesco-a
/ɪm'presɪv/
Admirable, digno-a de admiración
to Improve verb.
K
Keep watch verb.
L
Large adj.
Last adj.
/ɪm'pru:v/
Mejorar
/ki:p/ /wɑ:tʃ/
Vigilar, mantener la vigilancia
/lɑ:rdʒ/
/lɑ:st/
Grande
Último-a
Law code sust. y sust.
/lɔ:/ /kəʊd/
Código de leyes, Código legislativo
G
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UNIT 3: BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FRANKISH EMPIRE
Leader sust.
/'li:dər/
Líder, dirigente
Liberal arts adj. y sust.
/'lɪbərəl/ /ɑ:rts/
Artes liberales
to List verb.
M
Marches sust.
/lɪst/
Enumerar
/mɑ:rtʃs/
Marcas
Mayor of the palace sust., prep., art., sust.
Mix sust.
N
Nobles sust.
O
Once and for all expresión de tiempo
/'meɪər/ /ɑ:v/ /ði/ /'pæləs/
/mɪks/
Mayordomo de palacio
Mezcla
/'nəʊbəls/
Nobles
/wʌns/ /ænd/ /fɔ:r / /ɔ:l/
De una vez por todas, definitivamente
to Overcome verb.
P
Palatine palace sust.
R
to Reform verb.
/ʊvə'kʌm/
Vencer
/paləˌtīn/ /'pæləs/
Palacio palatino
/'ri:'fɔ:rm/
Reformar
to Replace verb.
/rɪ'pleɪs/
Reemplazar, sustituir
Riots sust.
S
Search sust.
/'raɪəts
Revueltas, disturbios
/sɜ:rtʃ/
Búsqueda
Set up verb.
to Settle down verb.y adv.
/set/ /ʌp/
Fundar, erigir, establecer
Asentarse
Son sut.
Soon adv.
/sʌn/
/su:n/
Hijo
Pronto
to Split into verb.
/splɪt/ /'ɪntu/
Dividir en
Subjects sust.
T
Topics sust.
/'sʌbdʒɪkts/
Temas, materias
/'tɒpɪks/
Temas
Tribes sust.
U
Under control prep. y sust.
/traɪbs/
Tribus
/'ʌndər/ /kən'trəʊl/
Bajo control
Until adv.
W
Warm adj.
Western empire adj. y sust.
/ʌn'tɪl/
Hasta
/wɔ:rm/
/'westərn/ /'empaɪə(r)/
Cálido
Impero occidental
Wife sust.
/waɪf/
Esposa, mujer
/'setḷ/ /daʊn/
I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE
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