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Transcript
Integrated Social Studies Study Guide for Chapter 1 Mr. Johnson Section 1: The Study of Geography Terms to know Geography Writing about the Earth absolute location exact location on globe hemisphere Half of the Earth relative location Location compare to other places Five themes of Geography are: What does each theme mean? 1. Location - Where something is on earth 2. Place - Physical & Human characteristics of a location 3. Regions - Group of places with at least one thing in common 4. Movement - How people, goods, and ideas move between places 5. Human-Environment Interaction - How people use their environment Section 2: Changes within the Earth Terms to know core Center of the earth mantle Surrounds the core crust Outermost layer of earth hydrosphere Includes all the water on Earth plate tectonics moving sections of Earth’s crust Subduction one plate moves under another Pangaea Original “supercontinent” Geyser Water forced upward as steam that erupts from the crust biosphere All living things on earth Ring of Fire Around the Pacific-Volcanoes Why do earthquakes and volcanoes often occur close to each other? They both occur in areas where different plates meet and create unstable areas of the crust. What evidence exists that suggests that there was once a “super continent”? Continents fit like a puzzle, fossils match on different continents, rocks were much alike. Section 3: Changes on the Earth’s Surface Terms to know Mechanical weathering rocks physically changed Chemical Weathering rocks chemically changed in to a new substance acid rain caused bypollution Erosion movement of weathered materials sediment small particles carried by water dust bowl 1930s drought in US midwest glacier large sheets of ice that move moraine Large rock or debris left by glaciers Think about a sidewalk in town that is 50 years old. What weathering process do you think would cause the most damage to the sidewalk? Explain why you selected your answer. Chemical would break down the concrete. Mechanical would wear it down. If acid rain were present, chemical would work faster. If not, mechanical wear would work faster What is the approximate weight of water? 8 pounds Integrated Social Studies Study Guide for Chapter 1 Mr. Johnson Explain the difference in mechanical weathering and chemical weathering. Mechanical breaks rocks into smaller rocks of the same type. Chemical weathering causes the rocks to change into something different. Written response possibilities Do you think the Earth has a greater impact on humans or do humans have a greater impact on the Earth? Explain your answer using information from Chapter 1 to support your position. Earth Impact: Without the Earth, humans would never have developed, adapted, and survived to become intelligent beings. Without Earth, humans could not exist. Human Impact: Since the human population has grown, we have made more and more demands on the resources Earth provides. We have produced more pollution, more waste, and more changes than ever before. If you live near a fault line, what changes would you make to your home in order for it to survive? What preparations would you make for you and your family? Explain your answer using information from Chapter 1 to support your decisions. Reinforce the walls, foundation, and any other part of the home that might be damaged in an earthquake. Bolt furniture to walls to prevent turnovers. Put latches on shelves to prevent opening in an earthquake. Prepare supplies like water, food, and temporary shelter (tents). Store supplies in case of emergencies. When you are an adult, you will have a chance to decide where you live. Do you think you would prefer to live in an urban or rural area? Would you prefer to live in a warmer or cooler climate? Would it matter to you the type of region you live in? Explain your answer using information from Chapter 1 to support your decision. Urban: More things to do, more chances to get work, less travel to where you need to go. Rural: More peaceful, fewer people, slower way of life Warmer: More activity outside, more pleasant climate, more sun Cooler: Like winter activities like snow, prefer cooler weather