Download Examples - Herricks

English 11 – December 10, 2015
Do Now:
1.
2.
Take out your marble notebooks.
On the next blank sheet of paper, copy down the
following sentences:
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–
–
3.
4.
I got an incomplete because I forgot my homework.
While I was cooking dinner, the smoke detector went off.
Nicole, my younger sister, has blonde hair.
Underline the independent clause in each sentence.
Circle the dependent clause in each sentence.
Come up with your own definition for independent
clause and dependent clause. Consider the sentences
you just worked with and the meaning of the words
“independent” and “dependent.”
Independent Clause
• An independent clause can stand alone. It
can be considered a complete sentence.
• An independent clause contains:
– a subject
– a predicate [action]
– expresses a complete thought
Examples: John runs.
Sally made lunch.
Mark raised his hand.
Dependent Clause
• A dependent clause can not stand alone. It is
considered to be a fragment or an incomplete
thought.
• A dependent clause can be incomplete because
of:
– a transition word [because, although, since, while,
etc.]
– a conjunction [for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so]
Examples: while I was away
but it was raining
who likes to read
Adjectives & Participles
• Adjectives describes or
further identifies a noun
or pronoun.
Examples:
- the fluffy dog
- the enthusiastic child
- the gigantic truck
• A participles is a form of a
verb that describes a
noun or verb.
• Participles act similarly to
an adjective or adverb.
Examples:
- the crying baby
- the crouching tiger
- the boiled water
Prepositional Phrases
• Prepositions describe the relationship between
other words in a sentence.
Examples: above, around, behind, below, between,
in, inside, near, on, outside, through, toward,
under, within
• Some periodic sentences start with prepositional
phrases.
Examples:
– Below the window, beautiful flowers grew.
– Outside of the house, the boys played basketball.
Participial Phrases
• Participial phrases are used like adjective
phrases. They modify a noun or pronoun.
Examples:
– Eaten by mosquitoes, they wished they were
in a nice hotel room instead of a tent.
– Walking on the beach, Marilyn found a
beautiful seashell.
– Eating the pizza, I was already thinking about
what to order for desert.
Infinitive Phrases
• An infinitive will always begin with to, followed
by the simplest form of the verb.
Examples: to sleep, to crawl, to sit, to help
• Infinitives can be used as nouns, adjectives, or
adverbs. Infinitive are not verbs because you
cannot add tense [-s, -es, -ed] to the ending.
Examples:
– To feel the cold air, I stood in front of the air
conditioner.
– To make dinner on time, you must get home early
from work.