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Transcript
What is a Phrase? A phrase is a group of related words that does not contain a subject and a verb. Common phrases: Prepositional Phrases Infinitive Phrases Participial Phrases Gerund Phrases Prepositional Phrase Begins with a preposition (in, on, under, over, around, of, about, through, etc.) Followed by an object and any modifiers Functions as an adjective or adverb Examples: Everyone in the class wrote an essay. The boys walked through the woods. Infinitive Phrase Begins with an infinitive: “to” + verb Followed by an object and any modifiers Functions as a noun, adjective or adverb Examples: To exercise every day is a good habit. I was relieved to finish my project. Participial Phrase Begins with a participle: verb ending in “-ed,” “-en,” or “-ing” Followed by an object and any modifiers Functions as an adjective Example: The marine biologist diving near a reef saw a shark. Gerund Phrase Begins with a gerund: verb ending in “-ing” Followed by object and any modifiers Functions as a noun Example: Working in groups builds teamwork. What is a Clause? A clause is a group of related words that contains both a subject and a verb. Types of clauses: Independent Clause Dependent Clause Independent Clause Contains a subject and a verb Makes a complete statement or idea Can stand alone as a sentence Example: This school is a technical college. Dependent Clause Contains a subject and a verb Does not make a complete statement or idea Cannot stand alone as a sentence Begins with a subordinating conjunction (after, although, as, because, before, even though, if, since, so that, until, when, whenever, while) or a relative pronoun (that, which, who, whom, whose) Examples: Because the student prepared for the exam, she answered all of the questions correctly. The uniform that I am required to wear is green and brown.
