Download File - UAGC SOCIAL STUDIES

Golden Age of
Athens….
What is a
Golden Age?
Golden Age of Athens
• Pericles – leader of Athens
during Golden Age
– Created Athenian Empire
– Strengthened government and
military (Navy)
• Glorifying arts and
architecture
– Homer and the Iliad and
Odyssey
– Comedies, Tragedy
Greece’s Golden
Age
• During the golden age of
Greece, Art, Architecture,
Drama, and History flourish.
• Art reflects the human figure.
• Much of the art is of the
Greek Gods/Goddesses.
• The Parthenon was built
during this time. (Pericles)
• “Tragedies” and “Comedies”
are developed.
• Amphitheatres built.
• Herodotus and Thucydides
recorded history.
• A wise leader named
Pericles ruled Athens from
460-429 B.C.
• Under Pericles, Athens had
a direct democracy.
• A large number of male
citizens took part in the
government.
• Women did not participate.
They were thought of as
inferior. (Slaves and
foreigners)
• Athens was the first culture
to have this much
participation.
• Athens was the center of
Greek culture at this time.
Sculptures of Gods/Goddesses
(not realistic)
QuickTi me™ and a
T IFF (Uncom pressed) decom pressor
are needed to see t his pict ure.
Columns
The Parthenon
BALANCE, HARMONY,
SYMMETRY
Ancient Thinkers- philosophers
-> Lovers of Wisdom
• Socrates- philosopher Asked why things
were the way they were? Why do we do
what we do?
•
Killed for “corrupting” youth
• Plato- Socrates' Student  The Republic
•how a governed society should be 
• “Philosopher King”
• Aristotle- use of Logic
• Idea would be later used in Science
Peloponnesian War :
431- 404 BC
Athens vs. Sparta
• Hostility between two had risen Athens
invades Corcrya
• Spartan Army vs Athens Navy
• Plague hits Athens
– Truce signed in 421 BC
• Athens attacks Spartan ally of Syracuse
415BC
• Spartans respond and destroy Athens
413 BC
• 9 years later – War is over 404 BC
Sparta Wins!
But…
Downfall of Athens
and Sparta
Hellenistic Culture
(Greek,Persian, Egyptian, and Indian)
• Under Alexander THE GREAT 356
BC (Macedonian King)
–Used Aristotle's idea of
Philosopher king and became
very educated
• Wanted to invaded Persia and King
Darius
• Conquered Persian Land in Middle
East and Egypt
• Continued to Indus River Valley
Alexander went to Hell and
back with his PIGE
–Spread Greek Empire across
Africa and Central Asia
• Led to massive cultural Diffusion
through gained land
PIGE = Persians Indians Greeks Egyptians
The Empire
Alexander’s Legacy
• PIGE  Cultural diffusion
• Created City of Alexandria, Egypt (over
10 total)
• Died with no heir
– Fighting followed and empire destroyed
Hellenistic Culture
Important people:
• Pythagoras-> Advancements in
Math
•
C2 = a2 + b2
• Hippocrates Father of
Medicine, doctors have a duty
to take care and help people
(Hippocratic oath)
Science and Tech
• Astronomy --> solar system
• Math and Physics (Euclid)
– Size of earth, sun
– Diameter, Pi (Archimedes)
– Pulleys and levers (Archimedes)
Archimedes- Greek Scientist
287 BC – c. 212 BC
• Archimedes's Screw
• Heat Ray for destroying
ships
After Alexander
• Greek empire kept getting divided 
weaker
• Eventually fell to Romans