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Chapter 16 Guided Questions Name: Date: Period: Read Chapter 16 about Darwin’s Theory of Evolution and complete the guided notes that coincide with the reading. VOCABULARY Evolution Analogous Structure Finch Vestigial Structure Galapagos Islands HMS Beagle Biological Diversity Artificial Selection Charles Lyell James Hutton Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Adaptation Fitness Natural Selection Survival of the Fittest Struggle for Existence Descent with Modification Biogeography Homologous Structure Chapter 16 Guided Questions DARWIN’S VOYAGE OF DISCOVERY 16.1 The captain and his crew would be mapping the coastline of _________________________. Darwin planned to collect specimens of _______________ and _________________. In a single day’s trip into the _______________________ forest, he collected _______ species of beetles and he wasn’t particularly looking for beetles! Please explain Darwin’s theory of Biological Diversity. What are the 3 parts? How are they explained? Please give examples for each Darwin found fossils of many organisms that did not resemble any living species. How might this finding have affected his understanding of life’s diversity? Chapter 16 Guided Questions Please explain why Darwin’s findings on the Galapagos Islands were significant. Make sure to use the finches or turtles as examples to help explain your answer. IDEAS THAT SHAPED DARWIN’S THINKING 16.2 Most famously, geologist ________________________ and __________________________ formed important hypotheses based on the work of other researchers and on evidence they uncovered themselves. Lyell, who built on the work of Hutton and others, published the first volume of his great work, ______________________________, in ____________. What is the relationship between James Hutton, and geological features? Does this help give evidence to the thought that the earth is really old, or the earth is relatively young? Chapter 16 Guided Questions Explain Lyell’s principle of “uniformitarianism”. What is it? Why does it matter? Jean-Baptiste Lamarck had several ideas that impacted Darwin’s thought process. What were some of these ideas? Were all Lamarck’s theories flawless? What is artificial selection? How do we as human’s affect artificial selection? (Think of the Bill Nye episode). Chapter 16 Guided Questions DARWIN PRESENTS HIS CASE 16.3 How does the “struggle for existence” described by Darwin, relate to the ideas of overpopulation from Thomas Malthus? (You might need to look back into Chapter 16.2) Individuals with characteristics that are not well suited to their environment either ________________________________________ or ____________________________________________________ _________________ The difference in rates of survival and reproduction is call _____________________________. **How does Natural Selection differ from Artificial Selection? Use vocabulary words to help explain your answer.** Chapter 16 Guided Questions EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION 16.4 What is Biogeography? What 2 patterns were significant to the theory presented by Darwin? Explain each theory. Geologists now use _________________________ to establish the age of certain rocks and fossils. This kind of data could have shown that Earth is young. If that had happened, Darwin’s ideas would have been ________________ and __________________. Instead, radioactive dating indicates that Earth is about 4.5 billion years old – plenty of time for evolution by ________________________ to take place. Explain the difference between homologous structures and analogous structures. How do these 2 different types of structures give evidence to Evolution? (Remember to think of their structure and their function)