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SPACE
GRADE 6
MODEL ECOSYSTEM
WHAT CONCLUSIONS CAN YOU
DRAW ABOUT THE SOLAR SYSTEM
BY LOOKING AT THE MODEL ON
THE WALL?
EX. MERCURY IS CLOSEST TO THE SUN.
THE BIG BANG!
HOW WERE PLANETS CREATED?
• We don’t know for sure…
• The “Nebular Theory” is widely accepted.
• Scientists think the solar system was formed when a cloud
of gas, dust, ice and rock in space was disturbed, maybe
by the explosion of a nearby star (supernova).
• Planets, sun and moons (solar system) were formed by
clumps of gas, dust, rocks and ice sticking together. This is
called accretion.
• The solar system is believed to be 4.5 billion years old.
GET CREATIVE!
Work with your planet expert team to come up with story as
to how you believe your planet was created.
You have 15 minutes to come up with your story…GO!
PLANET EXPERT!
With your partner/ group, you are going to research your
planet and complete the research template to become the
expert.
Be ready to share your research with the class next day!
ORBIT
Each planet orbits the sun.
-
The planets orbit the sun in a counter-clockwise direction.
-
The inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) orbit faster
than the outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune).
-
Each planet takes a different length of time to orbit the sun
fully.
-
Examples:
-
Mercury takes 88 days.
Earth takes 365 days (1 year).
Mars takes 687 days.
Jupiter takes 4330 days (or 12 Earth years).
ROTATION
• Rotation describes how a planet turns along it’s axis (northsouth pole).
• Each planet rotates as it orbits the sun.
• All planets rotate to the east, except for Venus and Uranus.
EARTH’S ROTATION
• The Earth is titled on a 23.50 angle.
• It rotates once every 24 hours, giving us daytime and nighttime.
Northern Hemisphere
SEASONS
• The Earth’s tilt is what gives us our seasons.
• Summer Solstice (June 21)- Longest Day- Northern hemisphere
is titled towards the sun.
• Winter Solstice (December 21)- Shortest Day- Northern
hemisphere is titled away from the sun.
• Vernal Equinox (March 21)- First Day of Spring- Sun is directly
over the equator.
• Autumnal Equinox (September 21)- First Day of Fall- Sun is
directly over the equator.
DO OTHER PLANETS
EXPERIENCE SEASONS?
Thinking…
EXPLORING THE
EARTH’S ROTATION
EXIT TICKET
WEIGHT ON
DIFFERENT PLANETS!
 Gravity is the force pulling you to the ground.
 Gravity is different on each planet.
 Gravity impacts how much you weigh.
Example: Daisy has a
weighs 30kg on Earth.
Calculate her weight on
each planet.
The force of gravity on
Earth is 9.8N.
WHY IS PLUTO NOT A PLANET!?!
Read the article.
KUIPER BELT
Where should we add the Kuiper Belt to our model?
MOONS
EARTH’S MOON
•
The Earth has 1 moon.
•
The moon is the second brightest object in the sky.
•
But, the moon does not make it’s own light. It shines because it reflects the
suns light.
•
The moon takes 28 days to orbit the Earth. It also takes 28 days to complete
one rotation.
•
The moon goes through 8 phases as it orbits.
•
When we look at the moon we always look at the same side because the moon
is slightly lopsided.
•
The moon is Earth’s only natural satellite.
•
The moon has a similar composition to Earth.
•
The moon is the same age as Earth, about 4.5 billion years old.
•
The moon has no atmosphere because it’s gravity is not strong enough to
hold one.
•
Like with the planets, there are many theories as to how the moons formed,
but most likely they were formed by a large collision or explosion.
•
Earth’s moon is about 1/4th the size of Earth.
8 PHASES OF THE MOON
LUNAR ECLIPSE
Occurs when the Earth is directly between the sun and the moon.
The moon gradually becomes darker as it moves into the shadow
of the Earth.
SOLAR ECLIPSE
Occurs when the moon passes between the sun and the Earth.
All or part of the sunlight is blocked out on the Earth that lie in
the moon’s shadow.
THE JOURNEY TO N.B.…
In November 2012, my
sister and I took a trip
to N.B.
During our visit we
stopped at the
Hopewell/ Flower Pot
Rocks.
TIDE TABLES
In the morning…the tides were high (and closed!)
TIDE TABLES
But by late afternoon, the tide was low…and we were free to
explore the ocean floor.
HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE?
MOON AND THE TIDES
The moons gravitational pull pulls the
ocean water, creating high and low tides.
The ocean water is fluid, and can be moved
by gravity.
STARS
 A star is a gigantic ball of gas, that produces light.
 It produces light by hydrogen and helium atoms fusing together
in the core (middle) of the star.
 Stars are the only objects in space that produce their own light.
 The sun is the star closest to the Earth, and is just one star in
our galaxy, the Milky Way.
 Astronomers estimate that the Milky Way contains about 2000
billion stars. However, even on the clearest night, we can only
see about 4000 stars from Earth.
 As the seasons change, the stars you can see also change.
 Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky.
THE MILKY WAY
THE SUN
• The sun is similar to the millions of other stars in the Milky
Way.
• Although the sun is the largest object in our solar system,
it is only average size when compared to other stars.
• The sun is 5000-16 million 0C.
• The sun’s energy is essential for life on Earth, however,
only a fraction of its total energy reaches Earth.
COMETS, ASTEROIDS, & METEOROIDS
 A comet is like a dirty snowball with a tail of gas, dust, and
debris, that orbits the sun.
 The most famous comet is Halley’s Comet.
 An asteroid is a small rocky object that orbits the sun.
 Most asteroids orbit in the Asteroid Belt.
 A meteoroid is a small piece of debris, often from a comet
or asteroid.
 A meteor is the streak of light seen when a meteoroid is
burning in the Earth’s atmosphere.
 A meteoroid found on the Earth’s surface is called a
meteorite.
LET’S MAKE A COMET
Materials:
- Cotton ball
-
Tape
-
5 pieces of string (each 10 cm long)
Instructions:
Tape all the pieces of string to the cotton ball.
There you have it, a comet (or dirty snowball).
NEEDS IN SPACE
Brainstorm…What do you need to survive in space?
Well, basically the same things you need to survive on Earth.
• Air (02)
• Water
• Food
• Expel waste (ie. got to the washroom)
• Correct body temperature
Space suits and space ships allow people to survive in space, by
providing us with the things we need to survive.
PROS AND CONS OF SPACE EXPLORATION
Pros
Cons
- Allows us to gain new information
about a much unknown place.
- Space exploration is associated
with adventure.
- Space exploration is very
expensive.
- Dangers within space.
CANADIANS IN SPACE
Canadians have made huge contributions to the world’s
understanding of space.