Download Verbs_-_English_8_2

Working with Words
Verbs
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Here We Go…
• I’ve got one word for
you…
Grammaropolis!!!!!!
Verbs
- Verbs break up into three distinct
categories…
- Action Verbs, Linking Verbs, and Helping
Verbs
- Verbs are words that are used to either
express action or connect the subject of
the verb to additional information about
the subject.
1. Did the Cortese family adopt a pet rabbit?
2. Yes, they have named it Imelda.
3. Many local families have been considering
adopting a rabbit.
4. Yes, but the Cortese’s rabbit has been acting
strangely lately.
5. You have probably noticed it chasing squirrels
around the yard.
Linking Verbs
1. Ms. Cortese tasted
AV the pumpkin spice latte.
2. The latte tasted
LV delicious.
3. Mr. Sherry grew
tired
of
the
students’
silly
antics.
LV
4. Mr. Colosimo grew
giant
pumpkins
in
his
AV
backyard.
5. Mrs. Bristor’s reason for her dislike of squirrels
remains
LV her secret.
Verbs: Principal Parts
Verbs consist of
four principal parts.
These principal
parts are used to
form the different
verb tenses.
These fours parts are
called the base form
(infinitive), the present
participle, the past form,
and the past participle.
Regular Verbs
AMost
regular
verb generally
regular
verbs
forms its past and past
that end in e drop the
participle by adding –d or
e –ed
before
adding
–ing.
to the
base form.
The present
participle is formed
by adding –ing.
BASE
stomp
PAST
stomped
Hope = Hoping
PAST
PART.
Have
stomped
Slide = Sliding
PRES.
PART.
stomping
Hike = Hiking
Irregular Verbs
Of course, it can’t be that easy…
Some verbs do not fit this pattern,
and they are called irregular verbs.
BASE
know
knew
Have known
hurt
hurt form
PAST These verbs
their past and past
PASTparticiples in some
Have hurt
PART. other way than by
adding –d or –ed.
Irregular Verbs
Some irregular
verbs form the
past and past
participle by
changing
vowels.
Other irregular
verbs form the
past and past
participle by
changing
consonants.
Some Verbs That Change Vowels
find
found
[have] found
hold
held
[have] held
ring
rang
[have] rung
swim
swam
[have] swum
Some Verbs That Change Consonants
bend
bent
[have] bent
build
built
[have] built
lend
lent
[have] lent
spend
spent
[have] spent
Irregular Verbs
Some irregular
verbs form the
past and past
participle by
changing both
vowels and
consonants.
Finally, some
irregular verbs
make no
change when
forming the
past and past
participle.
Some Verbs that Change Vowels and Consonants
buy
bought
[have] bought
see
saw
[have] seen
speak
spoke
[have] spoken
wear
wore
[have] worn
Some Verbs that Make No Change
cost
cost
[have] cost
cut
cut
[have] cut
hit
hit
[have] hit
read
read
[have] read
Confusing Verbs
sit
to be in place
set
to put (something) in place
lie
to recline
lay
to put or place (something)
rise
to go up
raise
to make (something) go up
Sit the book on the table.
Set the book on the
or
table.
Set the book
on the table.
The sun will raise in the morning.
The sun will rise in the
or
morning.
The sun will
rise in the morning.
Please lie down.
or down.
Please lie
Please lay down.
Direct and Indirect Objects
A direct
An indirect
objectobject
receives
receives
the direct
theaction
actionofofthe
the
verb
verb.
indirectly.
It answers
It tells
the us
“toquestion
whom” or
“who?”
“for whom”
or
“what?”
something
afteristhe
done.
verb.
Gave
who or
what?
Gave
to
whom
?
Mr. Mittleider gave
carrots to the rabbits.
Verbs:
Transitive and Intransitive
A transitive verb is a verb that
Hello!
I
am
the
ghost
of
expresses (transfers) an action
Harambe,
and
I am place,
here
directed toward
a person,
Transitive
thing,to
or tell
idea. you
Words
that receive
about
the action of transitive verbs are
and
calledtransitive
objects. verbs
These
objectsare
complete
the meaning
of the
intransitive
verbs.
ALWAYS action
Mr. Lauver began his
speech.
verbs!
sentence!
This verb is transitive
because it has an object.
Verbs:
Transitive and Intransitive
An intransitive verb is a verb
that expresses action or tells us
something about the subject
WITHOUT the action passing to a
receiver. These verbs have no
object.
Mrs. Ostrosky arrived on
time.
This verb is intransitive
because it has no object.
Let’s Practice!This is a linking
verb, since
“hungry” describes
Next,
First,
welet’s
should
identify
decide
theifverbs
they are
in the
ACTION
following
or LINKING
sentences…
the honeyverbs.
badger.
This is an action
verb, since it tells
us what the
subject is doing.
The honey badger was hungry.
The honey badger snarled ferociously.
The sound of Mrs. Benz’s scream echoed through
the hallway.
This is an action
verb, since it tells
us what the
subject is doing.
Let’s Practice!
Finally, let’s look at the action verbs to see if they have an object…
The vampire is hungry.
Intransitive
The honey badger snarled ferociously.
Intransitive
The sound of Mrs. Benz’s scream echoed
through the hallway.
Snarled
Echoed at
at
who or what?
Let’s Practice!
Identify the verb in each sentence and indicate whether it is transitive (T) or intransitive (I).
He told a story.
T
The sun rises in the east.
The dog barks.
I
He raised his hands. T
I
Let’s Practice!
INT
• ______
Huffing and puffing, Ms. Cortese
arrived at the classroom door.
INT
• ______
The squirrels growled ferociously.
INT
• ______
During practice, the students ran over
the river and through the woods.
INT
• ______
Mr. Sherry went to the game.
Let’s Practice!
T
• ______
Ms. Cortese threw the stapler at my
head!
• ______
Paige kicked Colby under the desk.
T
INT Ms. Kulla sang beautifully.
• ______
INT I always sleep peacefully during math
• ______
class.
Verbs:
Verbals
Sometimes
words that
These “verbs
in
are typically used as
disguise”
are
called
verbs can act as another
verbals.
part
of speech…
There are three types of
verbals: gerunds,
participles, and
infinitives.
Verbs:
Verbals
A gerund is a verb
form that ends in –
ing and is used as a
noun.
Agent 00 enjoys
running.
Verbs:
Verbals
A participle is a verb form
that ends in –ed or –ing that
is used as an adjective.
The creature kicking
at the screen is a
platypus.
Verbs:
Verbals
An infinitive is a verb
form introduced by the
word “to” that can be
used as a noun, an
adjective, or an adverb.
Agent 00 hopes to
stop Dr. Eckels.
Underline the verbs in the following sentences. Circle any verbals.
On the line before each sentence, write G if the verbal is a gerund,
AP if the verbal is an adjective participle, and I if the verbal is an
infinitive.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
G
______Mr.
Sherry really enjoys running.
I want to go!
______I
G
______Ms.
Cortese hates cooking.
I
______Dylan
refused to look at the text message.
______Ms.
Cortese laughed maniacally at the crying
AP
student.
Let’s Practice!
• Mr. Colossimo distributed the difficult test.
A. Transitive Action Verb
B. Intransitive Action Verb
C. Linking Verb
D. Helping Verb
• Mr. Sherry laughed maniacally.
A. Transitive Action Verb
B. Intransitive Action Verb
C. Linking Verb
D. Helping Verb
•Have you seen pictures of Ms. Kulla’s new motorcycle?
A. Transitive Action Verb
B. Intransitive Action Verb
C. Linking Verb
D. Helping Verb
Let’s Practice!
• Ms. Cortese is evil.
• Transitive Action Verb
• Intransitive Action Verb
• Linking Verb
• Helping Verb
• Mr. Sherry rescued the kitten from the pack
of squirrels.
• Transitive Action Verb
• Intransitive Action Verb
• Linking Verb
• Helping Verb