Download Answers_Evolution Review

Review: Evolution Terminology
Use your book, notes, and the class power point for help answering these questions.
1. Provide a definition of fossils and list several types of fossils.
Fossils are any traces of dead organisms. Types of fossils include: dinosaur tracks, footprints of human
ancestors, insects trapped in tree sap, impressions of leaves, animals buried in tar
2. What method of dating can be used to estimate the age of the fossils in the diagram below?
RELATIVE DATING
3. According to the diagram above, which two layers are approximately the same age? How do you know?
There are several pairs of layers above which could be estimated to be the same age. For example,
layers G & N are probably the same age because of the type of rock they contain and the similar fossils
found in each area.
4. According to the diagram above, which two layers are probably the oldest?
H&O
5. Below is a diagram showing a block of carbon-14 decaying over a period of time. The half-life of
carbon-14 is 5730 years. Under each diagram, write the fraction of radioactive carbon-14 that is left
from the original sample. Over each arrow, write in the number of years that is represented as having
passed between each diagram. Keep in mind that each time the amount of carbon-14 decreases or
decays by ½, 5730 years would have elapsed.
6. a. Using the pictures below, what kind of selection favors medium-sized spiders?
Stabilizing selection (balancing selection)
b. Using the pictures below, what kind of selection favors large spiders?
Directional selection
c. Using the pictures below, what kind of selection favors large and small spiders?
Disruptive selectio
d. Using the pictures below, what kind of selection favors small spiders?
Directional selection (it’s not shown in the pics below)
7. Explain an example of homologous structures.
Review pages 21-24 in the evolution packet, the powerpoint, and your book. 
8. Explain an example of a vestigial structure.
Review pages 21-24 in the evolution packet, the powerpoint, and your book. 
9. When new individuals enter a population, they bring more genes and sometimes new genes. Thus,
there are changes in the gene pool.
10. If certain individuals isolate themselves from a population, they bring only a small sampling of the
total genetic diversity from the original population. Changes to the small population are much more
profound than changes in the big population. This is called the founder effect.
11. Mutations could result in new genes in the gene pool.
12. Check your notes, book, and powerpoint for definitions!
13. Check your notes, book, and powerpoint for definitions!
1.
2.
3.
4.
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7.
divergent evolution; survival of the fittest
divergent evolution; common ancestry
convergent evolution
survival of the fittest; natural selection
mimicry, convergent evolution
geographic isolation
divergent evolution; common ancestry