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Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computer Concepts: Hardware and Software Winter 2003 UC Santa Cruz Instructor: Guy Cox Assignments Homework #4 – Due February 12 (That’s due next Wednesday ) Design your own resume Must use a Word Processor (ie, M$ Word) Notepad will not suffice. Details and sample resume – see class page – http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe003/Winter03/hw4_resume.ht ml January 23, 2003 2 Input and Output: The User Connection Chapter 5 Part A Output Information for the user Types January 23, 2003 Screen – soft copy Printer – hard copy Voice Sound Graphics 4 Monitor (screen) Data that is entered appears on the screen Screen is part of the monitor January 23, 2003 5 Monitor Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Flat panel display Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Gas Plasma Display January 23, 2003 6 CRT Raster scanning Sweeping electron beams across the back of the screen Phosphorous coating on back of screen Glows when hit by a beam of electrons Phosphorous loses glow and image fades and flickers Image must be continually refreshed January 23, 2003 7 CRT Refresh rate / scan rate Number of times electron beams refreshes the screen Process also used for television 80-100 times per second adequate for clear screen image 60 Hz is problematic – Why?? January 23, 2003 8 CRT Interlaced vs. Non-interlaced Interlaced Refresh every other line on each pass Lower refresh rate without flicker Good for fixed graphics Causes flutter with animated graphics Inexpensive Non-interlaced Refresh every line on each pass Typical of screens sold today January 23, 2003 9 CRT Color vs. Monochrome Color Typical monitor sold today Monochrome Green or amber on a contrasting background Less expensive than color Typically used on terminals January 23, 2003 10 CRT Resolution Clarity of image Pixel (Picture element) Dot on screen Is addressable Can be illuminated More pixels means higher resolution Dot pitch Distance between dots Smaller distance means better quality image January 23, 2003 11 CRT Graphics Card/Graphics Adapter Board Plugs into expansion slot on motherboard Graphics card and monitor must be compatible for high quality image January 23, 2003 12 CRT Size Measured diagonally Typical sizes Office user: 15-17 inch High-powered graphics user: 19 inch High-end monitors: 21 inches and up Larger size More expensive More space on desktop Reduces eye strain January 23, 2003 13 Graphics Standards Help insure that the products work together PCs Monitor Graphics boards Software January 23, 2003 14 Graphics Standards SVGA (Super VGA) Resolution – 800 x 600, 1024 x 768, 1280 x 1024, 1600 x 1200 pixels 16 million colors Number of colors displayed simultaneously limited by amount of video memory XGA (Extended Graphics Array) High resolution Supports more simultaneous colors Allows non-interlaced monitors January 23, 2003 15 Flat-panel Screens January 23, 2003 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Primarily on laptops Moving to desktop Skinny (depth) regardless of size 16 Flat-panel Screens Crisp, brilliant images Easy on eyes No flicker Full dimension is useable More expensive that CRT monitors January 23, 2003 17 Flat-panel Screens Active Matrix Thin-film transistor technology (TFT) Transistors for each pixel Brighter image Viewable from an angle Passive Matrix Fewer transistors Cheaper Less power Images can appear fuzzy January 23, 2003 18 Printers Produce information on paper Orientation Portrait Landscape Methods of printing Impact Non-impact January 23, 2003 19 Impact Printers Line printer Dot-matrix printer One line at a time High volume Low quality One character at a time January 23, 2003 20 Non-impact Printer: Laser Printer January 23, 2003 21 Non-impact Printer: Laser Printer Transfers images to paper using a light beam Prints one page at a time 600-1200 dpi – High quality Speed Personal laser printers: 8-10 ppm Network laser printers: 35-50 ppm High-volume laser printers: up to 1000 ppm Black & white / Color January 23, 2003 22 Non-impact Printer: Ink-jet Printer Spray ink at paper Black & white / Color Excellent graphics Good quality Slower than laser January 23, 2003 23 Non-impact Printer Choose based upon: Speed Quality Black & white vs. color Price January 23, 2003 24 Sound Creates multimedia output Multiple sight and sound effects Speakers Sound card January 23, 2003 25 Voice Output: Speech Synthesis Enables machines to talk to people Types Voice synthesizers Voice output devices Audio-response units Converts data in storage to vocalized sounds Synthesis by analysis – human sounds are stored and reproduced as needed Synthesis by rule – creates artificial speech January 23, 2003 26 Voice Output: Speech synthesis Uses Automobiles Telephone surveys Catalog order is ready Your payment is late reminder Santa Cruz Public Library January 23, 2003 Overdue notices 27 Music and Other Sounds MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) Communicates between MIDI devices and computer Rules that produce and process digital music signals MIDI information tells synthesizer When to start and stop playing a note Volume Modulation Software is available for composing and editing per MIDI standard January 23, 2003 28 Terminals Device that provides input and output capabilities Dumb terminal Intelligent terminal Keyboard and monitor Connects to host for processing Keyboard, monitor, memory, and processor Connects with host Point-of-sale terminal (POS) Input and output device Captures retail data January 23, 2003 29 Computer Graphics Business Education Science Sports Computer art Entertainment January 23, 2003 30 Business Graphics Types Help Maps Charts Compare data Spot trends Make decisions quickly Attention-getting Updated instantaneously Rendered quickly January 23, 2003 31 Video Graphics Animated graphics Prepared one frame at a time Examples Animated films January 23, 2003 Monster’s Inc. (Pixar) Commercials without humans Arcade games 32 CAD/CAM Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing CAD – Computer Aided Design CAM – Computer Aided Manufacturing Controls production equipment CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing) January 23, 2003 Software creates 2-D and 3-D designs Bridge between design and manufacturing CAD/CAM integrated into manufacturing process Provides balanced, efficient production process 33 Ethics and Data Computer data can be Used Sold Altered What is legal? What can you trust? January 23, 2003 34 January 23, 2003 35