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Unit 4 (Chapter 5) Remediation Name: _________________________ Learning Target #1: Distinguish between kinetic and potential energy. 1. A roller coaster is at the top of a 52 m hill and weighs 831 N. The coaster (at this moment) has kinetic or potential energy (circle one). Calculate it. 2. A car is traveling with a velocity of 40 m/s and has a mass of 1200 kg. The car has kinetic or potential energy (circle one). Calculate it. Learning Target #2: Calculate kinetic energy. 3. What is the kinetic energy of a 0.075-kg baseball traveling at a speed of 100 m/s? 4. What is the kinetic energy of a 0.5-kg rocket traveling 3.13 m/s thru the air? Learning Target #3: Describe different forms of potential energy. 5. An object’s GPE can change in three situations; one way is changing its mass, name 2 other ways. Learning Target #4: Calculate gravitational potential energy. 6. When a 5 N book is removed from a 10-m shelf and placed on a table 1-m off the ground, what is the change in gravitational potential energy? 7. A boulder with a mass of 3,000 kg starts on a ledge 150 m above the ground. Calculate its GPE. Learning Target #5: Describe how energy can be transformed from one form to another. 8. Describe how you will transfer energy during your thanksgiving meal on Thursday. 9. Draw a picture to show how a rubber band transforms energy when it is shot across a classroom, starting with its elastic potential energy. Learning Target #6: Explain how the mechanical energy of system is the sum of the potential and the kinetic energies. 10. If mechanical energy is the sum of potential and kinetic energy of a system, calculate the GPE at its highest point and the KE right before it hits the ground, as a 200-kg model airplane lands in a grassy field after starting from 100m above the ground. 11. As you ride a bike down a hill, you apply the brakes to slow down. If the ME was 5000 J at the top of the hill, and your PE is 3000 J at the bottom of the hill, how much energy was converted to thermal/heat as your coasted down the hill? Learning Target #7: Discuss the law of conservation of energy. 12. Since energy cannot be created or destroyed in normal processes, what happens to the total (mechanical energy) of a roller coaster throughout a summer day? Answers: 1. 43212 J 2. 960000 J 3. 375 J 4. 2.45 J 5. Increase height, decrease height 6. PE1 = 50 J; PE2 = 5 J 7. 4, 410,000 J 8. CPE KE CPE + thermal + KE 9. Elastic GPE Kinetic 10. 196000 J 11. X = 2000 J 12. Stays constant