Download Unit 3 Rev Pckt - Old Saybrook Public Schools

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Chapter 3 Review
I. Answer the following questions.
- - 1. -An-atom has 9'protons, 10 neutrons;and 9 electrons.
a) What is its Atomic number
b)
c)
2.
What is its Mass number
What element is it?
For the element rubidium give its:
a) Atomic number
b) Mass number
c) Number of Protons
d) Number of Electrons
e) Number of Neutrons
Which of the above would be different for rubidium-87?
g) Rubidium-87 is a
of rubidium-85
because
D
3.
An atom has an atomic number of 11 and
a)
b)
a mass number
of 25.
#P
#n
c) #e
d) What is the element?
4.
Given the isotope: 2
H
I
What is its name?
b) How many protons?
electrons?
a)
neutrons?
5. The mass of one mole of Scandium is _g
(how many) atoms.
6.
Write the Symbol for an a-particle:
7.
Write the symbol for a $-particle:
8.
Write the nuclear equation for the Alpha (cr) decay of
9.
Write the nuclear equation for the Beta (B) decay of
and contains
FYI -all isotopes with atomic numbers over 83 are radioactive, why?
Isotopes may also be radioactive
10.
1
if they
have too many or too few
How many moles of atoms are found in 659 of Calcium?
1. What is the mass
of 3.3 moles of Iron atoms?
12. How many atoms are contained
13. Given: 1 5.05
X
1023
in 8.0 g of Magnesium?
atoms of Strontium. How many moles are in the sample?
What is the sample's mass?
14. Remember these may be isotopes. Fill in the Blanks with the appropriate number
or chemical svmbol.
15. Draw both Thomson's and Rutherford's model
model, be sure to label nucleus and electron cloud.
of
a
beryllium atom. In Rutherford's
16. There are two isotopes of chlorine, chlorine-35
chlorine given in the periodic table is 35.45
abundant? Explain.
.
& chlorine-37. The atomic mass of
Which of these isotopes of chlorine is most
17. The element Cn exists as 3 isotopes, One isotope has an atomic mass of 57.29 amu
and is found in nature 14.42% of the time and another isotope has an atomic mass of
53.85 amu and is found in nature 1.25% of the time. A third istotope has a mass of 52.03
amu and occurs in nature 84.33% of the time. Calculate the average atomic mass of Cn.
18.
List the 4 postulates of Dalton's atomic theory:
Type of
Radiation
Mass (amu)
Lead or
concrete
Questions 20-2 I refer to two of Chapter 3 's experimental scientists :
20. Rutherford's gold foil experiment (alpha scattering)
a. Diagram the equipment
b. Describe the method.
c. List results.
d. What conclusions where drawn?
21. Thomson and the cathode ray tube.
a. Diagram the cathode ray tube.
b. List the components of the cathode ray (at least three).
c. Describe Thomson's experiment leading to discovery of the electron.
d. List the results.
e. What conclusions were drawn?
II. Multiple Choice
17. An atom is
a. atiny, indivisible particle.
b. the smallest piece of matter.
c. the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of that element.
d. an artificially assembled unit that contains protons and electrons
19. The electrical charges
a. only in the nucleus
in an atom are located
b. on protons and neutrons
c. on protons and electrons
d. on protons, electrons, & neutrons
2A. J.L Thompson concluded
thata cathode ray contains negatively charged particles by
studying how
ray was deflected by a positively charged plate
b. the cathode ray was deflected by a negatively charged plate
c. a paddle wheel spun inside a cathode ray
a. the cathode
d.botha&c
22. Rutherford's gold foil experiment indicated that
a. the nucleus of an atom occupies most of an atom's volume.
b. positive charges are dispersed throughout the atom.
c. positive charges are concentrated in a very small core at the atom's center.
d. protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus.
23. Scientists have determined that electrons
a. move in space around the nucleus.
b. have a mass equal to the mass of protons.
c. orbit the nucleus in a well-defined path.
d. are electrically neutral
24. Atoms of each element contain a unique number
a. neutrons in their nuclei
b. protons in their nuclei
c. electrons in their nuclei
d. all of the above
of
III. Matchin
1. Discovered the neutron
2. Believed earth was made of 4
elements: earth, wind, fire,
water
3. Discovered the proton
4. Gold foil experiment
5. Discovered the electron
6. Determined the mass &
charge ofthe electron
7. First person to coin the term
atoms
8. Claimed all elements made of
one kind of atom
9. Determined the atom is
mostly empty space
10. Oil drop experiment
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A. Democritus
B. Aristotle
C. Chadwick
D. Rutherford
E. Dalton
F. Millikan
G. Thompson
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DON'T FORGET ABOUT THE "STABLE NUCLEI'' GRAPH! KNOW
HOW TO READ IT.IT WILL BE ON THE TEST!
The Chapter 3 Crossword
ACROSS
1. Very strong attractions between particles in the nucleus:
2.
first used the term atomos (atom), meaning indivisible. He was greek,
a
J.
is a particle having an positive charge.
4.
discovered the neutron in 1932.
6. The atomic mass of an element expressed in grams:
and the electron cloud.
7. The two main parts of the atom are the
charge.
8. The nucleus has a
number of protons.
9. All atoms of the same element have the
10. The electron cloud is
charged.
I 1. The part of the atom which is very small and very dense:
12. The electron has a mass
a.m.u.
14. One
of sulfur (S) atoms has a mass of 32 grams.
15, Many elements on the periodic table have atomic masses which are not close to whole
number because the mass on the table is an
based on abundances of an
of
element's isotope.
16. Mass number minus atomic number gives the number of
in the atom.
17. Most of the atom's
is found in its nucleus.
18. The standard to which all other masses on the periodic table are compared is
-t2.
19. The part of the atom which is responsible for its volume
20.
determined the mass of and size of the electron's charge in the oil drop
experiment.
21 . Radiation consisting of particles with a zero mass and charge of - 1 .
22.The splitting of the atom, resulting in a release of energy.
23. When nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei (ex: H nuclei combine to form He
nuclei).
DOWN
1. Has azero (no) charge.
2.
is a particle with
5.
a negative charge.
carried out gold foil experiment.
discovered the electron.
6.Numberofprotonsplusneutronsgivesthe-oftheatom.
7. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons (and different masses).
8. In a neutral atom, the number of
the number of electrons.
9. In the gold foil experiment, it was found that the atom is mostly empty
10. A proton has a mass of
amu.
protons_
11.-formulatedtheatomictheoryintheearly1800,s.
n. A.OhTiE-" called
's number.
A neutron has a mass of
amu.
of an atom is the number of protons.
25. Radiation consisting of particles with a charge of +2 and a mass of 4.
26. Alpha radiation has particles identical to a
nucleus.
27 . High energy radiation, not consisting of particles, with 0 charge and 0
28. The particles in beta radiation are actually
13.
16._
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