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NEES WELCOME! 2012 Earthquake Engineering Workshop Stanford University State University of New York, Buffalo University of New Hampshire California State University, Sacramento INTRODUCTIONS NEES Vandalist Kith Undergraduate Research Assistant Sacramento State Nelson Tejada Undergraduate Research Assistant Sacramento State Nathan Canney PhD Student University of Colorado, Boulder Workshop Format Morning: Learn earthquake engineering concepts Build structures Afternoon: Test structures Learn advanced earthquake engineering concepts •Interactive group work for most of the activities •Stay involved! Ask lots of questions if you don’t understand! •Be prepared to be asked questions (all engineers are asked tough questions) NEES Group 1 NEES XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX 2012 Earthquake Engineering Workshop Stanford University State University of New York, Buffalo University of New Hampshire California State University, Sacramento Group 2 NEES XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX 2012 Earthquake Engineering Workshop Stanford University State University of New York, Buffalo University of New Hampshire California State University, Sacramento Group 3 NEES XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX 2012 Earthquake Engineering Workshop Stanford University State University of New York, Buffalo University of New Hampshire California State University, Sacramento Group 4 NEES XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX 2012 Earthquake Engineering Workshop Stanford University State University of New York, Buffalo University of New Hampshire California State University, Sacramento Group 5 NEES XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX 2012 Earthquake Engineering Workshop Stanford University State University of New York, Buffalo University of New Hampshire California State University, Sacramento Group Activity!! In your groups: Find one thing everybody has in common in the group… Report back in 5 minutes NEES Group Activity!! Before we start shaking our buildings, let’s make sure they can stand up under a load: •Using paper and masking tape, build the strongest structure you can. •The paper structure must be at least 6 inches tall and it will be loaded with books •Be creative!! 15 minutes NEES Earthquake Engineering Why is it important? NEES Example 1 Example 2 We seek to understand what happens to structures during earthquakes (so we can better design them for the next earthquake) Earthquake Engineering Mechanical Geotechnical Chemical Civil Environmental Structural Electrical Transportation NEES Computer Water Resources Understanding Earthquakes We first need to understand the EARTH: Why does the crust move? COLD!!! HOT!!! 25 miles deep NEES Tectonic Plates = “Pieces of the Crust” NEES ??? Plate ??? Plate ??? Plate ??? Plate ??? Plate ??? Plate Earthquake Locations NEES Activity #2: Name the continental plates on the map 5 minutes!! Tectonic Plates = “Pieces of the Crust” NEES 6 Continental Plates (14 sub-continental plates) Eurasia Plate America Plate Pacific Plate Africa Plate Australia Plate Antarctic Plate Earthquake Locations Earthquakes Can Be Devastating NEES Just 1 Magnitude 7.1 Earthquake 1906 San Francisco Earthquake (M=7.9) We try to reduce earthquake damage by… …Understanding exactly what happens during earthquakes …Using principles of math and physics to figure out how the shaking affects buildings and bridges …Using intuition, reasoning, math, and physics skills to design better, earthquake resistant buildings NEES Protecting Structures How can we protect a building from an earthquake? 1. Make it STRONGER 2. Make it DEFORMABLE (DUCTILE) 3. ISOLATE the building NEES Protecting Structures NEES Make it STRONGER Which structure is stronger? Why? OR Wood Smaller members Steel Larger members Protecting Structures NEES Make it DEFORMABLE (DUCTILE) Which material is more ductile? More brittle? OR OR Brittle!! Ductile!! OR Protecting Structures ISOLATE the building Which building would shake less? Rubber bearings NEES Individual Activity Earthquake engineering concepts NEES 1.) STABILITY: Which structure is the worst design (least stable)? WHY? Large weight weight Most flexible columns 2.) PERIOD OF VIBRATION Which structure will shake the fastest? weight columns WHY? Small weight Least flexible Designing K’Nex buildings •1-bay structure •Minimum height: 15” •The base of the structure has to be constructed with either a red or gray rod •Hold specified weight (steel plates) •Fill out the material pricing sheet and calculate how much your structure cost •The base connector must include a free connection point straight down (see figure below) NEES