Probabilistic prediction of rupture length, slip and
... relationship between seismic slip and rupture length. We find that the larger the present slip amplitude Dp , the higher is the probability for the continuation of a rupture and the evolution into a ‘Big One’, that is, a long remaining rupture length Lr (Yamada 2007). We also find that the Dp –Lr re ...
... relationship between seismic slip and rupture length. We find that the larger the present slip amplitude Dp , the higher is the probability for the continuation of a rupture and the evolution into a ‘Big One’, that is, a long remaining rupture length Lr (Yamada 2007). We also find that the Dp –Lr re ...
Landslides, earthquakes, and erosion
... associated with the landslide event, in analogy to the Richter earthquake magnitude scale. In this paper, we use this general landslide distribution to (a) relate landslide inventories to erosion rates and (b) provide quantitative estimates of the landslide hazard associated with earthquakes. In Sec ...
... associated with the landslide event, in analogy to the Richter earthquake magnitude scale. In this paper, we use this general landslide distribution to (a) relate landslide inventories to erosion rates and (b) provide quantitative estimates of the landslide hazard associated with earthquakes. In Sec ...
Radon as an Earthquake Precursor – Methods
... increase in radon transfer from the rock matrix to the water. At the end of the diffusion period, the appearance of pore pressure and the increased number of cracks leads to the main rupture. According to the crack-avalanche model (Mjachkin et al., 1975), the increasing tectonic stress leads to the ...
... increase in radon transfer from the rock matrix to the water. At the end of the diffusion period, the appearance of pore pressure and the increased number of cracks leads to the main rupture. According to the crack-avalanche model (Mjachkin et al., 1975), the increasing tectonic stress leads to the ...
Short-Term Earthquake Hazard Assessment for
... The southernmost 200 km of the San Andreas fault in California, from Cajon Pass southeast to Bombay Beach on the Salton Sea (Figure 1), has not produced a major earthquake within the historic record. Both geodetic evidence of continuing strain accumulation (Savage et al, 1986) and the occurrence of ...
... The southernmost 200 km of the San Andreas fault in California, from Cajon Pass southeast to Bombay Beach on the Salton Sea (Figure 1), has not produced a major earthquake within the historic record. Both geodetic evidence of continuing strain accumulation (Savage et al, 1986) and the occurrence of ...
Subducted seafloor relief stops rupture in South American great
... km in the trench-parallel direction, making it possible to identify parts of the plate ...
... km in the trench-parallel direction, making it possible to identify parts of the plate ...
Operational Earthquake Forecasting
... earthquake damage, because they guide earthquake safety provisions of building codes, performance-based seismic design, and other risk-reducing engineering practices, such as retrofitting to correct design flaws in older buildings. Short-term forecasting of aftershocks is practiced by several countr ...
... earthquake damage, because they guide earthquake safety provisions of building codes, performance-based seismic design, and other risk-reducing engineering practices, such as retrofitting to correct design flaws in older buildings. Short-term forecasting of aftershocks is practiced by several countr ...
Earthquake scaling relations for mid
... matical notation (see notation section). We then proceed with our own analysis, in which we derive new scaling relations based on areal measures of faulting. We conclude by using these relations to comment on the basic issues laid out in this introduction. ...
... matical notation (see notation section). We then proceed with our own analysis, in which we derive new scaling relations based on areal measures of faulting. We conclude by using these relations to comment on the basic issues laid out in this introduction. ...
Canterbury Earthquakes – Impact on the Ministry
... The structural assessments conducted by various structural consulting firms were reviewed along with any information provided by the Ministry and the schools themselves. No additional structural assessments were performed as per the scope of this project. The reports reviewed consist of Rapid Assess ...
... The structural assessments conducted by various structural consulting firms were reviewed along with any information provided by the Ministry and the schools themselves. No additional structural assessments were performed as per the scope of this project. The reports reviewed consist of Rapid Assess ...
6 Source Characterization
... For large crustal earthquakes, the rupure reaches a maximum width due to the thickness of the crust. Once the maximum fault with is reached, the scaling relation may deviate from a simple 1.0 slope. In particular, how does the average fault slip, D, scale once the maximum width is reached? Two model ...
... For large crustal earthquakes, the rupure reaches a maximum width due to the thickness of the crust. Once the maximum fault with is reached, the scaling relation may deviate from a simple 1.0 slope. In particular, how does the average fault slip, D, scale once the maximum width is reached? Two model ...
Chapter 5: EARTHQUAKE RISK
... probabilistic earthquake hazard maps of southwest WA which were subsequently incorporated into the probabilistic earthquake hazard maps of Australia (Gaull et al., 1990). It was from these maps that the earthquake hazard maps in the current earthquake loadings standard AS1170.4-1993 (Standards Austr ...
... probabilistic earthquake hazard maps of southwest WA which were subsequently incorporated into the probabilistic earthquake hazard maps of Australia (Gaull et al., 1990). It was from these maps that the earthquake hazard maps in the current earthquake loadings standard AS1170.4-1993 (Standards Austr ...
natural disasters: earthquakes
... A crowd of people started to climb the stairs up the famous Dharhara tower, a World Heritage site. At 11:56 am everything changed. The earth started to shake as a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck the Kathmandu Valley. It was the biggest earthquake in Nepal for over 80 years, since a large earthquake ...
... A crowd of people started to climb the stairs up the famous Dharhara tower, a World Heritage site. At 11:56 am everything changed. The earth started to shake as a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck the Kathmandu Valley. It was the biggest earthquake in Nepal for over 80 years, since a large earthquake ...
P from the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake Masatoshi Miyazawa
... stress/strain changes that excite NVT by distinguishing between incoming seismic waves and triggered events. Dynamic triggering of NVT associated with the passage of surface waves has been reported in the Nankai subduction zone (Obara, 2003; Miyazawa and Mori, 2005, 2006; Miyazawa and Brodsky, 2008; ...
... stress/strain changes that excite NVT by distinguishing between incoming seismic waves and triggered events. Dynamic triggering of NVT associated with the passage of surface waves has been reported in the Nankai subduction zone (Obara, 2003; Miyazawa and Mori, 2005, 2006; Miyazawa and Brodsky, 2008; ...
Central US earthquake catalog for hazard maps of Memphis
... mbLg, either calculated directly, or estimated from (1) intensity data, (2) some amplitude other than that of 1s period Lg, or (3) coda duration. However, the hazards community has moved to use of moment magnitudes, which indicates that the ideal, generalpurpose, central US catalog will use moment m ...
... mbLg, either calculated directly, or estimated from (1) intensity data, (2) some amplitude other than that of 1s period Lg, or (3) coda duration. However, the hazards community has moved to use of moment magnitudes, which indicates that the ideal, generalpurpose, central US catalog will use moment m ...
Using the AS-1 Seismograph and AmaSeis
... Internet, and making consistent observations of data. Over 3 years of experience with monitoring earthquakes with the AS-1 seismograph demonstrates that even in the relatively low seismicity Midwest or eastern North America, frequent (mostly teleseismic) earthquakes are recorded at relatively quiet ...
... Internet, and making consistent observations of data. Over 3 years of experience with monitoring earthquakes with the AS-1 seismograph demonstrates that even in the relatively low seismicity Midwest or eastern North America, frequent (mostly teleseismic) earthquakes are recorded at relatively quiet ...
Earthquake Disaster Guidelines - National Disaster Management
... These consultations included representatives of various central ministries and departments, scientific and technical institutions, academics, technocrats, architects and humanitarian organizations. The first such meeting was held on 21 December 05. It reviewed the status of earthquake management eff ...
... These consultations included representatives of various central ministries and departments, scientific and technical institutions, academics, technocrats, architects and humanitarian organizations. The first such meeting was held on 21 December 05. It reviewed the status of earthquake management eff ...
Repeating earthquakes in the Yellowstone volcanic field
... Here we define the process used to retrieve multiplets, that is similar to that by Got et al. (1994), Rowe et al. (2002, 2004), Thelen et al. (2008), and Massin et al. (2011). The first step is populating a working Yellowstone earthquake waveform catalog with data from the University of Utah Seismogra ...
... Here we define the process used to retrieve multiplets, that is similar to that by Got et al. (1994), Rowe et al. (2002, 2004), Thelen et al. (2008), and Massin et al. (2011). The first step is populating a working Yellowstone earthquake waveform catalog with data from the University of Utah Seismogra ...
A BENEFIT/COST ANALYSIS FOR THE SEISMIC REHABILITATION
... earthquake prone region and the people of Turkey live with the fact that at any time occurrence of a serious earthquake is highly probable. Although it has been known that the buildings in Turkey are vulnerable by earthquakes due to many reasons, and not much has been done to the buildings to assure ...
... earthquake prone region and the people of Turkey live with the fact that at any time occurrence of a serious earthquake is highly probable. Although it has been known that the buildings in Turkey are vulnerable by earthquakes due to many reasons, and not much has been done to the buildings to assure ...
Seismotectonic modeling of the repeating Katsuhiko Ishibashi
... data of the Japan Meteorological Agency (see Figs. 11 and 12). In Fig. 12 the contrast is clear that a descending seismic slab cannot be seen to the north of the Izu Peninsula (N1 and N2) while it is traced as the Kanto slab in the east (N4 and N5). Many investigators suppose that the descending PHS ...
... data of the Japan Meteorological Agency (see Figs. 11 and 12). In Fig. 12 the contrast is clear that a descending seismic slab cannot be seen to the north of the Izu Peninsula (N1 and N2) while it is traced as the Kanto slab in the east (N4 and N5). Many investigators suppose that the descending PHS ...
Research on the Seismic Activity of the Lower Yangtze River
... in different periods in the Lower Yangtze River-South Yellow Sea Seismic Zone The V 4 value，the annual mean occurrence rate of earthquakes with magnitudes more than 4. 0，represents the seismic activity level in a certain region． It is demonstrated in the research that V 4 represents the expected val ...
... in different periods in the Lower Yangtze River-South Yellow Sea Seismic Zone The V 4 value，the annual mean occurrence rate of earthquakes with magnitudes more than 4. 0，represents the seismic activity level in a certain region． It is demonstrated in the research that V 4 represents the expected val ...
Are earthquakes predictable? - San Andreas UCLA Seismic
... not be interpreted as a statement that any further attempts to mitigate the destructive effects of earthquakes are futile. The seismic-moment conservation principle, when combined with geodetic deformation data, offers a new way to evaluate the seismic hazard, not only for tectonic plate boundaries, ...
... not be interpreted as a statement that any further attempts to mitigate the destructive effects of earthquakes are futile. The seismic-moment conservation principle, when combined with geodetic deformation data, offers a new way to evaluate the seismic hazard, not only for tectonic plate boundaries, ...
Anomalous soil radon fluctuations – signal of earthquakes in Nepal
... gas and reported anomalous radon concentration changes prior to the strong earthquake of magnitude M8.0 that occurred at Tonankai. Since then, the study of radon anomaly in sub-soil gas, thermal spring and ground water has been undertaken significantly by researchers all around the globe. Fleischer a ...
... gas and reported anomalous radon concentration changes prior to the strong earthquake of magnitude M8.0 that occurred at Tonankai. Since then, the study of radon anomaly in sub-soil gas, thermal spring and ground water has been undertaken significantly by researchers all around the globe. Fleischer a ...
Mapping spatial variability of the frequency
... the individual sample volumes we use (1 km beneath volcanoes, 5 to 30 km along fault zones) are larger than the errors, and thus it usually is not a critical issue in our work. In those cases where the hypocenter errors may vary in space and may be comparable to the dimensions of the sampling volume ...
... the individual sample volumes we use (1 km beneath volcanoes, 5 to 30 km along fault zones) are larger than the errors, and thus it usually is not a critical issue in our work. In those cases where the hypocenter errors may vary in space and may be comparable to the dimensions of the sampling volume ...
Recipe for Predicting Strong Ground Motion from Crustal
... motions based on a characterization of the source model for future crustal earthquakes. From recent developments of waveform inversion of strong motion data used to estimate the rupture process, we have inferred that strong ground motion is primarily related to the slip heterogeneity inside the sour ...
... motions based on a characterization of the source model for future crustal earthquakes. From recent developments of waveform inversion of strong motion data used to estimate the rupture process, we have inferred that strong ground motion is primarily related to the slip heterogeneity inside the sour ...
Balance of seismic moment in the Songpan
... region, eastern Tibet. We have investigated the evolution of strain energy along major faults in this region by comparing the accumulation and release of seismic moment. First, we calculated the slip rates on the Longmen Shan and other major faults in the region using a three-dimensional regional-sc ...
... region, eastern Tibet. We have investigated the evolution of strain energy along major faults in this region by comparing the accumulation and release of seismic moment. First, we calculated the slip rates on the Longmen Shan and other major faults in the region using a three-dimensional regional-sc ...
report
... estimate the magnitude and frequency of relatively recent (Latest Quaternary) earthquakes on faults within the seismic zone. By studying paleoliquefaction features, insights can be gained into the magnitude, timing, and locations (all with inherent uncertainties) of moderate-to-large paleoearthquake ...
... estimate the magnitude and frequency of relatively recent (Latest Quaternary) earthquakes on faults within the seismic zone. By studying paleoliquefaction features, insights can be gained into the magnitude, timing, and locations (all with inherent uncertainties) of moderate-to-large paleoearthquake ...
2010 Canterbury earthquake
The 2010 Canterbury earthquake (also known as the Christchurch earthquake or Darfield earthquake) struck the South Island of New Zealand with a moment magnitude of 7.1 at 4:35 a.m. local time on 4 September, and had a maximum perceived intensity of X (Extreme) on the Mercalli Intensity Scale. Some damaging aftershocks followed the main event, the strongest of which was a magnitude 6.3 shock that occurred on 22 February 2011. Because this aftershock was centred very close to Christchurch, it was much more destructive and resulted in the deaths of 185 people, and was felt from Invercargill to Wellington.The main shock caused widespread damage and several power outages, particularly in the city of Christchurch, New Zealand's second largest city. Two residents were seriously injured, one by a collapsing chimney and a second by flying glass. One person died of a heart attack suffered during the quake, although this could not be directly linked to the earthquake. Mass fatalities were avoided partly due to there being few houses of unreinforced construction, although this was also aided by the quake occurring during the night when most people were off the street.The earthquake's epicentre was 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Christchurch, near the town of Darfield. The hypocentre was at a shallow depth of 10 km. A foreshock of roughly magnitude 5.8 hit five seconds before the main quake, and strong aftershocks have been reported, up to magnitude 6.3.The initial quake lasted about 40 seconds, and was felt widely across the South Island, and in the North Island as far north as New Plymouth. As the epicentre was on land away from the coast, no tsunami occurred.The National Crisis Management Centre in the basement of the Beehive in Wellington was activated, and Civil Defence declared a state of emergency for Christchurch, the Selwyn District, and the Waimakariri District, while Selwyn District, Waimakariri and Timaru activated their emergency operation centres. Initially, a curfew was established for parts of Christchurch Central City from 7:00 pm to 7:00 am in response to the earthquake. The New Zealand Army was deployed to the worst affected areas in Canterbury.Claims from the earthquake were confirmed at being between $2.75 and $3.5 billion NZD.