Download Rocks provide a timeline for Earth.

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Views of Earth’s Past
the BIG idea
Rocks, fossils, and other types of natural evidence tell Earth’s story.
5.1 Rocks provide a timeline for Earth.
5.2 The geologic time scale shows Earth’s past.
5.3 Earth’s past is revealed in rocks and fossils.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
CHAPTER RESOURCES
5.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Rocks provide a timeline for Earth.
CALIFORNIA
Content Standards
7.4.c Students know that the rock cycle includes the
formation of new sediment and rocks that are often
found in layers, with the oldest generally on the
bottom.
VOCABULARY
relative age
rock cycle
index fossil
absolute age
half-life
7.4.d Students know that evidence from geologic
layers and radioactive dating indicates Earth is
approximately 4.6 billion years old and that life on this
planet has existed for more than 3 billion years.
CHAPTER
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SECTION
OUTLINE
5.1
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Rocks provide a timeline for Earth.
Sedimentary rock
layers show the order
in which rocks formed.
The order of the layers
is used to determine
the relative ages of
fossils found in the
rock.
VOCABULARY
relative age
rock cycle
index fossil
absolute age
half-life
Radioactive dating can
be used to determine
the absolute age of
igneous rock.
Scientists combine information about the relative and
absolute ages of rocks and fossils to construct a timeline
of Earth.
CHAPTER
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SECTION
OUTLINE
5.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Rocks provide a timeline for Earth.
I. Rocks provide a timeline for Earth.
VOCABULARY
relative age
A. Changes in rocks provide a record of the past.
rock cycle
B. The three main types of rocks form in different
ways.
index fossil
absolute age
C. Layers of sedimentary rock show relative age.
half-life
1. Igneous Rock and Sedimentary Layers
2. Index Fossils
D. Radioactive dating can show absolute age.
1. Half-Life
2. Using Absolute and Relative Age
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
5.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Rocks provide a timeline for Earth.
VOCABULARY
Scientists combine information about the relative and
absolute ages of rocks and fossils to construct a timeline
of Earth.
relative age
rock cycle
index fossil
VISUALIZATION
CLASSZONE.COM
Watch molten rock cut through
layers of sedimentary rock.
absolute age
half-life
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
5.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The geologic time scale shows Earth’s
past.
CALIFORNIA
Content Standards
7.4.a Students know Earth processes today are
similar to those that occurred in the past and slow
geologic processes have large cumulative effects over
long periods of time.
VOCABULARY
uniformitarianism
geologic time
scale
7.4.b Students know the history of life on Earth has
been disrupted by major catastrophic events, such as
major volcanic eruptions or the impacts of asteroids.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
5.2
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
The geologic time scale shows Earth’s
past.
The geologic time scale divides Earth’s history into
eons, eras, periods, and epochs. The divisions are
based on major changes or events that occurred in
Earth’s history.
ERA
EON
Phanerozoic
eon
Hadean
eon
Archean eon
uniformitarianism
geologic time
scale
EPOCH
PERIOD
Paleozoic
era
VOCABULARY
Mesozoic
era
Cenozoic
era
Proterozoic eon
Precambrian time
4.6
bya*
3
bya
*bya = billion years ago
2
bya
1
bya
†mya = million years ago
500
mya†
today
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
5.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
The geologic time scale shows Earth’s
past.
II. The geologic time scale shows Earth’s past.
A. Earth is constantly changing.
B. Small, gradual changes become large changes
over time.
VOCABULARY
uniformitarianism
geologic time
scale
C. The geologic time scale divides Earth’s history.
1. Divisions of Geologic Time
2. Phanerozoic Eon
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
5.3
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Earth’s past is revealed in rocks and
fossils.
CALIFORNIA
Content Standards
VOCABULARY
original remains
ice core
7.3.c Students know how independent lines of
evidence from geology, fossils, and comparative
anatomy provide the basis for the theory of evolution.
7.4.b Students know the history of life on earth has
been disrupted by major catastrophic events, such as
major volcanic eruptions or the impacts of asteroids.
7.4.e Students know fossils provide evidence of how
life and environmental conditions have changed.
CHAPTER
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SECTION
OUTLINE
5.3
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Earth’s past is revealed in rocks and
fossils.
Fossils are traces or remnants of past life. Many fossils
are found in rock. Rocks, fossils, and other natural
evidence provide
information about
how Earth and life
on Earth have
changed over time.
VISUALIZATION
VOCABULARY
original remains
ice core
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
CLASSZONE.COM
Explore how fossils form.
SECTION
OUTLINE
5.3
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Earth’s past is revealed in rocks and
fossils.
III. Earth’s past is revealed in rocks and fossils.
A. Fossils, and original remains give clues about
the past.
VOCABULARY
original remains
ice core
1. Types of Fossils
2. Fossil Formation
3. Fossils in Rocks
4. Original Remains
B. Fossils and other natural evidence show
changes in life and the environment.
1. Ice Cores
2. Tree Rings
3. Finding the Age of Fossils
CHAPTER
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KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
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