Download SelfAssessment 1 – Cells

Nat4/5
Cell Biology
N5
Biology
Self Assessment - Cells
Nat4/5
Cell Biology
1 a (i)
How much do I know?
Cell Structure
Traffic Lights:
Green = Fully understand
Orange = Understand most of it – needs further revision
Red
= Do not understand – this is a priority
Learning objectives (LO’s):
By the end of this section you should be able to know:
 Cell structures and their functions including:
1. nucleus
2. chloroplasts
3. cell walls
4. cell membranes
5. vacuoles
6. ribosomes
7. mitochondria
8. plasmids
 The typical structures of plant, animal, fungi and bacterial cells
After
Class
Revision
State the function of a nucleus
State the function of a chloroplast
State the function of a cell wall
State the function of a cell membrane
State the function of a vacuole
State the function of a cytoplasm
State the function of a ribosome
State the function of a mitochondria
Describe what a plasmid is
Name two structures found within plant
cells that are not present in animal cells
After
Home
Revision
Nat4/5
What is the cell wall in a plant cell made
of?
What is the cell wall in fungi made of?
Name a common single celled fungi
Name one feature that plant cells have that
is absent from fungi
What organelle is absent in a bacterial
cell?
Where is the genetic information stored
within a bacterial cell?
Cell Biology
Nat4/5
Cell Biology
Questions
2. Label A – D
A
B
C
D
Nat4/5
Cell Biology
3.
4. What type of cell is Yeast?
______________________
5. What do you call an organism which contains only one cell?
_______________________________
6. What type of stain is used to highlight the nucleus of a cell?
______________________________
7. What name is given to the ring of DNA within a bacterial cell?
_________________________
Nat4/5
Cell Biology
1
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4
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10
11
12
13
Across:
2. Red-brown liquid used to stain nuclei.(6,8)
3. Green structure containing chlorophyll. (11)
6. Unicellular pond animal shaped like a
slipper. (10)
7. Area of a plant cell containing the sap. (7)
8. Basic unit of life. (4)
9. Instrument used to view cells. (10)
10. Carbohydrate which is used to make cell
walls. (9)
11. Unicellular pond animal with no definite
shape. (6)
12. Area of the cell where chemical reactions
occur. (9)
13. Boundary of a plant cell which gives it it's
definite shape. (4,4)
Down:
1. Thin flexible boundary of all cells. (4,8)
4. Object being viewed through a microscope.
(8)
5. Structure of a cell that controls the cell
activities. (7)
8. Solution of sugar and salts. (4,3)
9. One thousandth of a millimetre. (10)
Nat4/5
Cell Biology
How much do I know?
Transport across cell membranes
1 a (ii)
Traffic Lights:
Green = Fully understand
Orange = Understand most of it – needs further revision
Red
= Do not understand – this is a priority
Learning objectives (LO’s):
By the end of this section you should be able to know that:
 The cell membrane consists of lipids and proteins and is selectively
permeable.
 Passive transport is with the concentration gradient and does not
require energy.
 The importance of diffusion in cells as the movement of molecules
along a concentration gradient.
 Osmosis as the movement of water molecules across a membrane in
terms of water concentration. Animal cells can burst or shrink and
plant cells can become turgid or plasmolysed in different solutions.
 Active transport requires energy for membrane proteins to move
molecules against the concentration gradient.
After
Class
Revision
Describe the structure of the cell
membrane.
Explain why the membrane is described as
Fluid Mosaic.
State that the cell membrane is made up of
protein and phospholipid molecules.
State the function of the proteins and
phospholipid molecules in the cell
membrane.
State what a concentration gradient is.
State that diffusion is a passive process
and involves the movement of a substance
from a high concentration to a low
concentration of that substance until there
is no net movement.
After
Home
Revision
Nat4/5
Explain why diffusion is important to cells
and give examples of where diffusion
occurs in the body.
State the definition of Osmosis and explain
why it is important to cells.
State the meanings of the terms hypotonic,
isotonic and hypertonic solutions.
Describe osmosis in Plant Cells.
State the meaning of the words turgid and
plasmolysed
Explain why plant cells become turgid and
plasmolysed
Describe osmosis in Animal Cells
Explain why animal cells burst or shrink
when placed in different solute
concentrations.
Explain why some fresh water animals
have a contractile vacuole
Describe how to carry out an experiment
to demonstrate Osmosis in plant and
animal cells.
Describe Active Transport and give
examples of active transport such as the
sodium/potassium pump.
Cell Biology
Nat4/5
Cell Biology
1 b (i)
How much do I know?
Producing new cells
Traffic Lights:
Green = Fully understand
Orange = Understand most of it – needs further revision
Red
= Do not understand – this is a priority
Learning objectives (LO’s):
By the end of this section you should be able to know:
 That diploid cells have two matching sets of chromosomes which
are replicated by mitosis
 The processes and structures involved in mitosis
 How to culture cells and the factors that can influence growth
After
Class
Revision
What is the name given to cell division.
Why do multicellular organisms need to
undergo cell division?
Why do multicellular organisms need to
undergo cell division?
What name is given to a cell which ha two
matching sets of chromosomes?
Describe the two main processes in cell
division
Label this diagram with the following
structures: chromosomes, centromere,
spindle fibres and equator
After
Home
Revision
Nat4/5
State the number and genetic make up of
the daughter cells.
Describe two factors which can influence
the growth of bacteria.
State two reasons why we need a range of
antibiotics
Describe the aseptic techniques involved
in streaking agar plates.
Cell Biology
Nat4/5
Cell Biology
Mitosis Questions

M_____________________ is the process of cell
d______________________

One cell divides into t_____ identical daughter cells

It is important that each cell contains the exact same
g_______________ information.

Mitosis has two key steps: 1) The n______________ divides
2) The c______________ divides.
Stage 1) Chromosomes s___________ and d___________________
Stage 2) Chromosomes line up at the e_____________________
Stage 3) S_____________ fibres pull the chromosomes apart.
Stage 4) The c_________________ divides

Something that is genetically identical is called a
c_____________
Although some animals have the same number of chromosomes, they
look different because each chromosome has different g________.
Nat4/5
Past paper question
Cell Biology
Nat4/5
Cell Biology
1 b (ii)
How much do I know?
Genetic Engineering
Traffic Lights:
Green = Fully understand
Orange = Understand most of it – needs further revision
Red
= Do not understand – this is a priority
Learning objectives (LO’s):
By the end of this section you should be able to know that:
 Genetic information can be transferred from one cell to another
naturally or by genetic engineering.
 DNA can be transferred naturally between cells either by bacterial
plasmids or viruses.
 Stages of genetic engineering to include: identify section of DNA
that contains required gene from source chromosome, extract
required gene, insert required gene into vector/bacterial plasmid,
insert plasmid into host cell and grow transformed cells to produce
a Genetically Modified organism.
After
Class
Revision
State that genetic information can be
transferred from one cell to another
naturally in either sexual or asexual
reproduction.
State that genetic information can be
passed from one bacterial cell to another
bacterial cell via plasmids (small circular
pieces of DNA).
State that genetic material of viruses can
be inserted into other organisms genetic
material.
State that genetic engineering is the
transfer of an organism’s genetic material
into another organism’s genetic material.
State that the gene inserted into the
plasmid codes for a desired protein such
as the human hormone insulin or human
growth hormone.
After
Home
Revision
Nat4/5
Cell Biology
State that the plasmid is now called a
recombinant plasmid and acts as a
VECTOR since it carries the genetic
material of one organism to another.
State that the recombinant plasmid is
inserted back inside the host bacterial cell
where it is made into many copies.
Describe the process of genetic
engineering.
State that the bacterial cell reproduces to
form many identical copies of bacterial cell
all containing the recombinant plasmid.
Question 1:
Genetic engineering using bacteria to produce human
insulin. Describe the stages involved in this process.
Question 2:
Nat4/5
Cell Biology
Nat4/5
Cell Biology