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Name:____________________________ Date:_____________ Rome Study Guide Test Date: Essential Question: How did government & religion adapt & change as Rome expanded & became more diverse? Vocabulary: Republic Consul Senate Tribune Legions Civic Virtue Plebeian Patrician Autocracy Dictator Pax Romana Monotheism Covenant Apostle Diaspora Inflation Mercenary Pagan Bread & Circus Torah Assimilation Polytheism People: Abraham Julius Caesar Augustus Jesus Justinian Peter Pontius Pilate Constantine Diocletian Paul What do you need to be able to do? explain the bolded terms, people, and places in your own words use the bolded words to do the things listed below Leaders How did the ways leaders gained, maintained, and lost legitimacy change as Rome grew & became more diverse? What is a republic? Describe how the Roman Republic worked using consul, senate, tribune, legions, and the Twelve Tables. Describe the roles of social groups: plebeians, patricians, women, slaves Why was civic virtue important to maintaining a functioning republic? How did expansion through the Punic Wars cause problems and lead to change? How did Julius Caesar and Augustus contribute to the fall of the republic and creation of the empire? What is the Pax Romana and how did Augustus help establish it? How did emperors, including Augustus, use autocracy and Bread & Circus to maintain legitimacy? Why did Diocletian divide the empire and why did Constantine move the capital? What were the political, economic, and social reasons for the collapse of the Western Roman Empire? Compare the problems of the Republic and the Empire Describe the location and importance of the city of Constantinople What was the importance of Justinian’s Code? Evaluate whether the Byzantine Empire was the “New Rome” Religion How did Religions adapt and change as the empire expanded? How did Roman religion change as it expanded? Define monotheism, polytheism, and pagan. How are the terms covenant, Torah, and Abraham related to Jewish beliefs? What caused the destruction of the Temple and the Jewish Diaspora? How did Judaism change and adapt as a result of these changes? What was the role of Jesus, Paul, Pax Romana, and Constantine in the spread of Christianity? How did the Romans treat early Christians? What was the appeal of Christianity? Why did so many people risk converting? Chronology Place major events from Roman history on a time line Constantine accepts Christianity Abraham makes a covenant with God. Rome fights the Punic Wars Rome overthrows the last King & creates Republic. Augustus named Emperor Pliny executes Christians Romans destroy Temple in Jerusalem Jesus is crucified Moses receives 10 Commandments Western Rome falls. Diocletian divides Empire Justinian’s Code created Open Response Questions Essential Question: How did government & religion adapt & change as Rome grew & became more diverse? You need to be prepared to answer all the questions below. These questions break down the Essential Question from this unit and will help you prepare for this test by preparing evidence and analysis for these questions. Notice they don’t have a right answer, but your opinions must be supported with evidence from the unit. Was life better for poor citizens during the republic or during the empire? The Roman government transformed many times over its history. Were these changes mostly positive or mostly negative? Did the Roman Empire change the Roman religion in a mostly positive or mostly negative way? Which was more important to the spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire: political factors or social conditions? Did the Roman Empire affect Judaism in a mostly positive or mostly negative way? How to Study Step 1. Get Organized! Organize the handouts you received Review your notes and the Goals for each day Step 2: Make flash cards or a two-column list Write the bolded terms on one side and your own explanation on the other Your own explanations are more helpful than dictionary definitions. You will not be asked for definitions. You will be asked to use the terms. Step 3: Make more flash cards or another two-column list Re-state the bullets above on one side and write your answer on the other You can cut and paste the bullets into your own document. This study guide is posted on the class website: mrsgoodstone.wordpress.com Step 4: Use your flash cards or list to quiz yourself If these steps don’t work for you, try this: Re-read the hand-outs and the textbook pages listed below After you read each one, write a paragraph summarizing what you read Need More Help? Check back to the following pages in the textbook p. 141-145 Romans Create a Republic p. 146-152 Roman Empire Brings Changes p. 153-157 Rise of Christianity p. 158-163 Decline of Roman Empire p. 164-167 Roots of Western Civilization p. 72-77 Origins of Judaism p. 269-271 Byzantium Becomes New Rome Come to a review session in Room 244: X block or Z block (2:30-3:00)