Download 2016 SPRING Practice Final All of the following questions will be on

2016 SPRING Practice Final
All of the following questions will be on the final,
but rewritten into multiple choice and matching
format, with the total number of questions being
reduced to 100.
ALL OF THE QUESTIONS ARE LINKED TO THE
LEARNING TARGETS FROM THE FOLLOWING
UNITS:
Genetics
DNA
Meiosis
Evolution
Ecology
2015 Spring Practice Final
GENETICS
1. What is the Law of Segregation?
2. What is the Law of Independent Assortment?
3. Describe how simple dominance (Mendelian Genetics) inheritance works.
4. Describe how incomplete dominance inheritance works.
5. Describe how codominance inheritance works.
6. Describe how multiple allele inheritance works.
7. Describe how sex-linked trait inheritance works.
8. If two rabbits, one black, and one white, have a grey baby, what type of
dominance is being shown by fur color?
9. Using Chargaff’s rule, if a sample of DNA is measured to be 38% Thymine, how
much Cytosine is there?
10. What are the Hox genes and why are they important?
11. What is a Mutation?
12. How are mutations important to genetics?
13. What are the three types of point mutation?
14. What happens as a result of a Nonsense point mutation?
15. What happens as a result of a Missense point mutation?
16. What happens as a result of a Silent point mutation?
17. What is a frameshift mutation?
18. What causes a frameshift mutation?
19. What does a frameshift mutation cause?
20. What is genetics?
21. Who was Gregor Mendel?
22. Use a punnett square. Mike is color blind (XcY), his wife Juanita is a
carrier(XCXc). What is the chance that they will have a color blind daughter
(XcXc)?
23. What is a trait?
24. Fredrico and Francesca both have brown hair; however, it is possible for them
to have a blonde haired child. Why?
= Huntington’s
Disease
25. Which members of the family above are afflicted with Huntington’s Disease?
_________________________________
26. There are no carriers for Huntington’s Disease- you either have it or you don’t.
With this in mind, is Huntington’s disease caused by a dominant or recessive
trait? ____________________________
27. How many children did individuals I-1 and I-2 have?
_______________________________________________
28. How many girls did II-1 and II-2 have? ______________ How many have
Huntington’s Disease? ________________
29. How are individuals III-2 and II-4 related? ________________________ I-2 and III-5?
_________________________
30. What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
DNA
31. The chromosome you get from mom and the chromosome you get from dad
together make a ______________ pair of chromosomes in you.
32. List the DNA Base pairs
33. What replaces Thymine in RNA?
34. What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
35. What are the four enzymes used in DNA replication?
36. How is DNA replicated?
37. What is the function of the process of Transcription?
38. What is the function of the process of Translation?
39. What is a Codon?
40. What is the complimentary strand to the following piece of DNA?
5’ – ATCCGCTAGATAA – 3’
USE THE ABOVE CHART TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
41. List the codons that code for “gln”
42. What does the mRNA stand: AUGGCAAAAUUUGCGUAA code for?
MATCH THE SCIENTISTS
43. Avery
A. Determined that DNA is the material of heredity
44. Griffith
B. Discovered the structure of DNA
45. Rosalind Franklin C. Used the DNA from the Cacao tree to create rich
chocolate
46. Erwin Chargaff
D. First to observe transformation of non-deadly to deadly
in bacteria
47. Hershey and Chase E. Worked with Dr. Holmes to solve mysteries
48. Watson and Crick AB. Discovered the ratio of nuclear bases
AC. Determined that DNA was the Transforming Factor
AD. Used X-Ray Diffraction to take a photo
MEIOSIS
49. What are the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
50. What does meiosis produce?
51. How does crossing over increase genetic diversity?
EVOLUTION
52. Who is Charles Darwin and WHY is he important?
53. How is the fossil record used as evidence of evolution?
54. Why are homologous structures evidence of evolution?
55. Why are analogous structures evidence of evolution?
56. Why are vestigial structures evidence of evolution?
57. Why are adaptations evidence of evolution?
58. What is an adaptation?
59. What is genetic drift?
60. In the space below give an example of genetic drift?
61. Describe the evolutionary mechanism of gene flow.
62. Why is gene flow important for increasing genetic diversity?
63. Why is genetic diversity important?
64. What are the 4 principles of natural selection?
65. What does natural selection do?
66. What does natural selection work on the phenotype of organisms and not
directly on the genotype?
67. What are the 3 versions of natural selection?
68. What type of selection is against only 1 extreme?
69. What is sexual selection?
70. How can sexual selection work against natural selection?
71. The Lyrebird is a very amazing species of bird. When it is the mating season,
the male must impress the female by singing the most complex song that it can
sing. Which mechanism of evolution does this scenario demonstrate?
72. A herd of gazelle live in a large meadow that is bordered by two cities. The
city planners in both cities meet together and agree to build a new shopping
center in the meadow. During the construction a fire is started, destroying the
meadow and killing most of the gazelle. Which mechanism of evolution does this
scenario demonstrate?
USE THE DIAGRAM BELOW TO ANSWER
THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
73. List the layers shown in the picture in
order from YOUNGEST to OLDEST
74. If a fossil is found in layer E and we know that layer B is 50 million years old,
and that Layer A is 70 million years old, which of the following best estimates the
age of the fossil.
75. List and explain the different types of reproductive isolation that can produce
new species.
ECOLOGY
76. Explain the difference between an organism’s habitat and its niche.
77. What is biodiversity?
78. What is a keystone species?
79. What are biotic factors?
80. What are abiotic factors?
MATCH THE NAME OF THE INTERACTION TO THE DESCRIPTION
81. Commensalism A. Occurs when individuals fight over limited resources
82. Mutualism
B. One animal preys on another
83. Predation
C. One organism benefits while the other is neither hurt or
helped
84. Parasitism
D. Neither organism is hurt or benefits
85. Symbiosis
E. two organisms who live in a close relationship
86. Competition
AB .One Benefits while the other is harmed
AC. Both organisms benefit
AD. When two organisms live so closely together they
become one.
87. What is succession?
88. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?
89. The progression of life from newly formed island to tropical rain forest is
what type of ecological succession?
90. What does ECOLOGY study?
91. What are the ecological levels of organization from largest to smallest?
92. Why is only 10% of energy is passed on to the next trophic level?
93. What is the 90% of energy lost between trophic levels lost as?
94. How can an organism occupy more than one trophic level?
95. What is the basis of all food chains and food webs?
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
MATCH THE DIET TO THE DESCRIPTION
Omnivore
A. Eats Fish
Pescivore
B. Eats Meat
Herbivore
C. Eats Gummies
Carnivore
D. Eats Everything
E. Eats dead leaves
AB. Eats Plants
How are food chains and food webs related?
Match the LABELS below to their proper location
in the carbon cycle pictured on the right.
A. Photosynthesis
B. Combustion
C. Fossil Fuels
D. Respiration
E. Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
101.
If you sampled 15 square miles and observed a population of wolves to
be around 270. What is the population density of the wolves?
102.
If you removed a keystone species from an environment, what would
probably happen?
103.
At which ecological level of organization do ecologists start to include
abiotic factors?
WATER CYCLE -> Using the diagram match the step of the water cycle to the number
where it goes.
A. Water Run-Off
B. Precipitation
C. Transpiration
D. Condensation
E. Evaporation
104.
What conclusion can you make about the lynx and hare populations in
the graph above?
105.
In what year was the lynx population the highest?
USE THE ABOVE WOOD WEB TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
106.
List 2 different food chains found in the food web above.
107.
List all of the primary consumers shown in the food web above.